Physics Research Assignment Essay

Introduction The study of physics has had a large impact on the development of road safety. The study of Newton’s Laws, impulse and momentum help to reduce initial momentum or decrease impulse (rate of change of momentum) to protect passengers. Technological advances and studies of vehicle crashes increase the automobile industry’s understanding of the forces involved and ways of reducing effects of collisions. Within vehicles, many car safety devices are installed, such as seat belts, air bags, crumple zones and head rests. Modern road design reduces the initial or rate of change of momentum and consequently the impact of collision through crash barriers, speed zones and speed humps. Car safety devices Seatbelts Seatbelts are designed so that passengers are restrained instead of continuing to move forward at the car’s speed when the brakes of a moving vehicle are applied. In this situation, there is a tendency for a body to resist changes to its motion, called inertia. (Newton’s first law) The stopping force is applied to the more durable parts of the body such as hips, chest and shoulder. This is instead of the human head crashing into windshield if no seat belt is worn. Inertia reel seatbelts Inertia reel seatbelts have a cylinder that stores extra belt material on a spool. The spool turns freely normally for movement. In the event of a sudden change in velocity, a pendulum in the reel plunges forward to lock and restrain the occupant. It is named ‘inertia reel’ due to the inertia of the pendulum to cause belt locking. Different types of seatbelt The lap seatbelt is tightened over the pelvis and absorbs force over a sizeable area. However they do not prevent the head and upper body from lurching forward in response to deceleration and are inadequate especially for front passengers, who risk hitting the windscreen. The lap sash seatbelt combines a lap seatbelt over the pelvis as well as over one shoulder across the chest. This greatly limits movement of the upper body and head as well as spreading the stopping force over a larger area. Shoulder harnesses restrain upper torso movement even further. Two are belts fall over the shoulders and an optional strap lies over the sternum. It is effective in the way force is spread over both shoulders compared to one shoulder in lap sash. Shoulder harnesses are usually used in child restraint systems and racing cars. The nylon webbing material in seatbelts is slightly flexible so that the stop is not as abrupt. Airbags Airbags provide an extra degree of protection in a collision by cushioning passengers in a collision, greatly limiting fatalities and serious injury. They are designed to increase the time interval during which the driver’s momentum decreases in a collision to decrease the net force of the driver. They inflate when crash sensors detect large deceleration. Sensors then ignite the sodium azide, producing sodium compounds and nitrogen gas for a reactive explosion. The airbags inflate rapidly to cushion the impact of the passenger against the steering wheel, dashboard or windshield. Airbags are to be used with seatbelts, not as a replacement. A disadvantage of airbags is they provide no protection against side-on hits, only frontal collisions. More expensive cars are developing side airbags to combat this. Head rests Padded headrests provide protection in rear end collisions. When a car is rear-ended, a large net force pushes the car and it accelerates forward. The inertia, based on Newton’s first law, pushes the passenger into the seat. Without a head rest for support, the head remains at rest until the spine pulls it forward. This sudden, sharp acceleration for the head causes it to fling back and results in hyperextension and whiplash injuries. Crumple Zones Many cars are designed to crumple at the front and rear. Crumple zones increase the time interval during which the momentum of the car changes during a collision, thus lessening the forces. Newton’s second law (f=ma) can be applied, as increased ?time will result in a decreasing rate of deceleration ‘a’ and consequently reduce force. Crumple zones are built using the integration of steel and fiberglass in the front and rear end assemblies of the automobile. Rigid structures between crumple zones protect the passenger compartment. In a collision, the crumple zones deform to slow the actual impact. The car doesn’t regain all its original kinetic energy, as some of this is converted to heat and sound energy to reduce damage to passenger area through smaller forces. As crumple zones are placed in strategic locations, the collapse is controlled and energy from impact is directed away from passenger area. Road design Speed humps and low speed zones Local councils introduced Speed Humps to reduce the overall speed of cars. Evidence shows that slower moving cars cause less damage to occupants if a crash results. It has been estimated that risk of death or serious brain damage doubles with every 16km/h over 80km/h. Speed humps restrict drivers from speeding as hitting the hump too fast can cause car damage. Low speed zones also reduce the speed of cars. A reduction of speed will reduce the chance of an accident as drivers have more time to react as well as decreasing the change in momentum and associated inertial forces in collisions. The police enforces speed signs and limit zones and speeding is monitored by speed cameras. In NSW, the general urban limit is 60 km/h for roads in built up areas where there are pedestrians. Crash Barriers Crash barriers are road design features that absorb the impact of collisions. They are constructed out of steel, concrete or wire. Some types of rigid crash barriers cannot absorb much of the kinetic energy of the vehicle, but keep the vehicle on the road and prevent crashing into more dangerous roadside hazards or cars from opposite direction. Crash barriers should be relatively weak with energy absorbing structures so that they can deform easily and transfer large amounts of kinetic energy to them in collisions. For barriers shielding against hazards such as trees, they need to be a fair distance away, as space is needed for it to deform. When a vehicle collides, the barriers deform and stop the vehicle through a plowing action, keeping the reaction forces relatively low. The impulse (change in momentum) is reduced, as the vehicle takes longer to slow down. The disadvantage of crash barriers is they may cause vehicle damage (crumpling) and rigid ones may deflect a car into the opposite lane. The advance of road safety The development of vehicles with greater size, power and momentum has resulted in the need for improvements in car safety devices and modern road design. The study of physics has allowed safety features in both the interior and exterior of cars to prevent large forces acting on passengers in collisions. This is why researchers and engineers are continually turning to laws of physics for advice. Road design features reduce initial velocity to reduce the risk of accidents as well as its impact on the passenger. Automotive safety companies are continuing to develop devices to improve vehicle safety, including inflatable seatbelts, 4-point seatbelts and knee airbags to name a few. With the large percentage of the population driving – forces, momentum, impulse and energy are all factors that must be controlled as our lives depend on it.

Ikea in Brazil

IKEA IN BRAZIL IKEA’s vision is to create a better everyday life for the many people. The business idea supports this vision by offering a wide range of well-designed, functional home furnishing products at prices so low that as many people as possible will be able to afford them. The IKEA product range focuses on good design and function at a low price. It offers home furnishing solutions for every room in the home. It is co-ordinated so that no matter which style you prefer our designers and product developers work hard to ensure that our products meet your day-to-day needs and eliminates the unnecessary. This business could be successful in Brazil? Brazil is among the ten leading world economic powers. He entered a mild recession in 2009 (-0. 2%), Brazil's economy has regained growth momentum in 2010, boosted by the revival of trade and supported by various recovery measures. Estimated at 7. 5% of GDP, the highest growth in Latin America. In recent years, Brazil has become one of the major powers of economic growth, thanks to reforms to stabilize the economy through the promotion of investment, boost and oil industry consolidation in the world with its exports. Lula's government brought the institutional stability and currently Brazil Dilma Rousseff, the new president, elected in October 2010, pledged to continue the policies of former President Lula. Despite the good economic performance, social issues are important. The country remains one of the most unequal, there are strong regional disparities. IKEA for Brazil represent a window to the outside, as the Brazilian consumer is very attracted to foreign products, especially if we talk about Europe. Since the Brazilian consumer IKEA offers a wide range of practical and high quality products at low prices. The four cities chosen for introduction are: Sao Paolo, Brasilia, Salvador de Bahia and Rio de Janeiro. These cities are chosen because they are the most populated in Brazil. With this information, we will perform an analysis to see if IKEA is possible in the Brazilian market. Besides being the gateway to South America and continue the IKEA expansions.

How Does Rossetti Tell the Story in ‘Jessie Cameron’?

How does Rossetti tell the story in ‘Jessie Cameron’? Rossetti uses the title of the poem to help tell the story in ‘Jessie Cameron’. Whilst Jessie’s full name is used as the title of the poem and repeatedly referred to throughout, the name of her lover is not once mentioned. Instead Jessie calls him ‘neighbour’s son’ avoiding any more intimate communication. This suggests that she does not regard him as highly in her life as he may regard her, it also suggests that she doesn’t want to lead him on, but because she makes it so obvious that she has no interest in him it may imply that she is tired of him chasing after her.This use of dialogue by the third person narrator makes the poem seem a lot less biased as we are allowed to see the story from Jessie’s very own perspective. In addition to this, the fact that her surname is drawn upon it suggests that the poem make reflect the permanence, a lot like Jessie herself it will not be changed for the sake of a man. The fact that Jessie chooses not to give in to a man wanting to marry her would have surprised a lot of Victorian readers who did not believe that women should be free to do as they pleased but should accept an offer of marriage when it was given, whether or not they loved the man.As a result of this it could be suggested that the Victorian attitude towards marriage contributed to the confusion of Jessie’s lover who finds her free-will hard to accept. She claims that she had already told him ‘long ago’ that she will not accept his marriage proposal, but he seems to find this difficult to understand. Through the use of more dialogue it seems to suggest that Rossetti wants to make the point that remaining single is not the message she wants to get across: â€Å"For me you’re not the man of men†, rather that women should only marry out of choice if she loves and who is, for her, above all other men.Because di alogue is used so much throughout the poem it could be suggested that the third person narrator feels self-conscious towards the fact that they’re narrative alone would not be sufficient enough in order for the reader to trust what they are saying. As a result, it could be suggested that the reader feels as if the use of dialogue makes the narrator’s narrative seem less reliable and trustworthy which in turn makes us doubt the rest of their narrative which makes us more critical as observers and allows us to understand the potential messages that Rossetti wishes to portray throughout the poem. Home, her home, was close at hand†, the repetition of the word ‘home’ acts as a juxtaposition to the landscape of the beach and sea described throughout the poem. It contrasts that Jessie’s house is sheltered and safe, whereas this stands in opposition to the danger of the sea that she finds herself surrounded by. It emphasises the danger of the sea and in addition to this Rossetti wants to warn women about the danger of becoming trapped in a loveless marriage with someone, making them feel unfilled just like Jessie when she realises that she is near to death.

Strategic Recommendations Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Strategic Recommendations - Research Paper Example Members are assisted in order to achieve their purposes and goals but they are also required to adhere to the AFP code of ethical fundraising. Programs that advocate for social and cultural diversity among members and leaders are implemented by AFP which fosters international cooperation. Conducting research and presenting the findings is another mission of AFP as well as provision of reliable certification to fundraising professionals (AFP, 2006). According to AFP (2006), the organization bases all its principles on the professional code of ethical standards which are strictly adhered to. The organization encourages people to volunteer, offer support or gives donations to the non-profit making organization that improve the quality of life and living standards of the community members. AFP and the philanthropic sector are directly tied. Community members are empowered through AFP’s activities of promoting professional services in philanthropy and fundraising. AFP members are a lso involved in most charitable organizations which offer solutions in difficult medical problems, support children programs, serve victims in disasters, ensure good care for the environment and animals and also support education and art. AFP stakeholders behind its success are the members, donors, local and international chapters, volunteers, employees, directors and professionals that ensure that the organization meets the set goals. As stated in the official AFP website, the creation of a new AFP Strategic Partners Program was to enable the organization partner with other leading organizations to support the profession and advance effective ethical fundraising. Visa and Blackbaud are among the current AFP strategic partners that offer assistance to the organization’s initiative (AFP, 2006). Summary of Project 1 Evaluation Findings The most active program in the Association of Fundraising Professionals is the Professional Development Program. In the AFP 2011-2013 strategic plan major priority has been given to the strategic partnership and international growth development. The strategic partnership however allows a limited number of 8 partners per year. AFP allows these partners to offer assistance in areas that benefits its members such as education, enabling the organization to cut on cost and channel the resources to other critical areas (Sheehan, 2010). The 7 measures of success for the association of fundraising professionals in a project are very crucial for AFP. With the current economic challenges, the non-profit sector has become more complex and very competitive in terms of funds acquisition and donors/ volunteers. The organization has for this reason developed a strategic plan to address sectors such as education, services offered by members, ethical fundraising, finance and organizational relationships. AFP approaches issues of accountability and management by providing their members with tools to analyze the budgets and ensure efficient a llocation of the limited funds. The interaction between the organization and the customer enhances good relationships that are encouraged through training, open communications through blogs, discussion groups and conferences. In the alignment of products and services with mission, AFP has developed products and services that meet customer needs in accordance to the organi

Is the U.S. Winning the Drug War in Latin America Research Paper - 1

Is the U.S. Winning the Drug War in Latin America - Research Paper Example CON: No, the US is not winning the drug war in Latin America 1. Latin American nations are moving towards drug legalization 2. Drugs have become important in balancing international trade in Peru by earning the nation a huge foreign income 3. US anti-drug operations in some nations like Guatemala and Mexico are accused of victimization in their war on drugs 4. Venezuelan government is aiding drug traffickers by making the nation a key launching pad for US and Europe-bound cocaine 5. Latin America has marked a huge rise in coca production over the past few years despite the US efforts of discouraging its production Amidst the narcotics decriminalizing calls by some leading Latin American leaders, Janet Napolitano, the US Homeland Security Secretary defended the drug war strategy of the US. In her tour of Central America and Mexico to strengthen the security cooperation with the nations, Napolitano claimed that the US would continue assisting the Latin American efforts of going after t he regional producers and traffickers of drugs despite persistent drug-related violence.1 She claims that drug war has not failed but is rather a continuous effort of keeping the regional population from addiction to the dangerous drugs. Felipe Calderon, the Mexican President, supports the war and his target is the leading kingpins, capturing and/or killing several key cartel figures with the help of the US. The two nations are also united in the search for Joaquin Guzman, after he escaped in 2001 from prison.2 Alvaro Uribe, Columbia’s President, started meeting the other regional nations’ leaders on 4 August 2009 in support of the US anti-drug campaign. During the trip, Uribe’s aim was attempting to appease the other leaders from Latin America’s concerns regarding a deal that he expected to sign to allow the United States to relocate its recommendable drug-interdiction flight activities to Colombia following the dismissal of such operations from Ecuador. The plan could raise the number of the American troops within Colombia to facilitate war on drugs.3 This effort by President Uribe shows that the US war on drugs has impact on the Latin American countries and this support implies the war is not that badly off. The nation is under so much international pressure as the international community assumes that the US should deal with the whole situation with finality. This pressure may in turn make the US appear as if it is doing so little in this drugs war, which is not entirely the case.4 However, most Latin American nations consider this war as an overwhelming failure. Jose de Cordoba argues that drug violence has spiraled beyond control in Mexico with a commission headed by 3 former heads of Latin American states blasting the war on drug as a failed effort, which is pushing the societies in Latin America to their breaking point.5 Consequently, the first Latin American Conference attendees favored decriminalization of possession of dru gs for personal use.6 Moreover, the attendees claimed that legislative reforms were underway to facilitate smaller sentences are given to the small traffickers, and set up policies, which minimize harm via encouraging the addicts to seek help from the health system. Such a hemispheric summit could spark open revolt against US-led drug war. Actually, Latin Americans are determined to gain their independence from the ‘disastrous’ US anti-drug policy.7 In an article dated 7 August 2009, Romulo Pizarro, Peru’s drug czar, estimates that the earnings of the foreign

Assessing the potential impact of institutional investors on corporate Dissertation

Assessing the potential impact of institutional investors on corporate governance in China - Dissertation Example .................................................................... p.10 Literature review ..................................................................... p.10 Conclusions ..................................................................... p.31 References ..................................................................... p.37 ABSTRACT Examples are given pertaining to the development and present situation of Western institutional investors. Also under discussion is the practice of Western/Anglo institutional investors towards an increasing participation in the corporate governance in a proactive way. The methods and procedures of institutional investors participation in corporate governance is described, with American and British examples – and how these institutions pertain to China. Analysis is given describing the development of the corporate culture that leads to a more active role in governance, and how the assumptions thereof have evolved over time. Both the p ositive and the negative of institutional investors on corporate governance are described, with respect to a term corporate interests. Challenges relating to foreign investments in China are described in this context. The current status of investors and the losses they have suffered due to transitional effects in the Chinese economy are extrapolated based upon a shifting legal and financial landscape as China modernizes its economy. Recommendations to alleviate these concerns are proposed. INTRODUCTION The advent of high finance and its utilization in the operations of Incorporated business organizations created a situation many decades ago in which it was recognized that owners and shareholders need not always see eye to eye. The directors that oversee functional operations over day-to-day matters do not always have the same vested interests as the shareholding owners of the corporation. The interests of operational control may not match the objectives of other individuals interest ed in a slow and steady growth of assets and equity. But the considerable benefits of ownership by way of investment have been recognized for nearly the entirety of the 20th century, thus investors by necessity must gain certain rights and privileges. The role of these investors is an evolving understanding that balances the nuances of organizational agility against long-term growth. Theories of corporate governance must be developed to define the responsibilities of investors and the degree to which they can influence operations without stressing corporate resources beyond their ability to perform. (Davis, 2002) Possible examples might include the director/executive officer, who may have founded the business wanting to maintain control possibly for sentimental reasons – the business might have been in his family for many years. Or, the business might be a valuable source of jobs for a particular local community. But the investors that can help a business rise to the world st age might feel that their interests are best served through mergers or takeovers that permit a favorable return on investments based upon various stock options and projected share values. Certain individuals may perceive a loss of livelihood, and thus oppose measures that will increase the profits of those that have injected vast amounts of capital to make the business what it is. Arbitration and compromise are necessities. OVERVIEW Over three decades institutional investors have superseded private individual shareholders in the world's most important capital

The Role Of Books In Human Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Role Of Books In Human Life - Essay Example   Of course, school books at that time were more important, but I simultaneously developed a liking towards storybooks. I got my reading habit mostly from my elder sister who is four years older than me. She has always been a bookworm. She was a good student at school and I have always seen her studying for long hours. Other than school books she was an avid reader of children's novels and short stories. For her birthdays she used to request our relatives to gift her with books. Her birthday falls four days ahead of me and as a result, both our birthdays were celebrated on the same day. I remember she used to get piles of books and for the next few weeks, I used to see her absorbed in those books. Whenever she finished with one book she used to give me that book and told me to read it. Initially, I showed little interest in reading any books other than school books, but gradually as she encouraged me to read I started reading short bedtime stories by children’s authors. My i nterest slowly developed in books but I was the founder of watching movies than reading books. As we grew up and started attending high school I could see my sister's love for books grow with time. I still remember she bought the membership in a local circulating library when she was in the eleventh standard. Every week she used to borrow two to three books and then she spent long hours into the night to read them. Those days I used to find it difficult to comprehend how one can lose sleep for books.... But the book which turned me into a serious reader was handed over to me by my sister when I was in the ninth standard. It was Doctors by an American author Erich Segal. The book grabbed my attention from the very first page and as soon as I finished it I wanted to read more books of the same author. From that day onwards my sister used to borrow books from the library both for her and for me. As I read more books of Erich Segal, my love for books grew rapidly. I found myself getting more interested in novels rather than short stories. I developed my interest in fiction novels. Non-fiction and classics never grabbed my interest. My Favourite Author I have read hundreds of books in my lifetime. I have read books of every genre like adventure, romance, thrillers, comedy and even horror. My favourite author is a British writer Jeffrey Archer. I have read almost all his books including the latest one Only Time Will Tell. The unexpected twists and turns in his books and the fact that the characters are never larger than life are what I find most engrossing. The Book that influenced me the most Although I mostly admire books of Jeffrey Archer, but the book that has left a lasting effect on me is Love Story by an American author Erich Segal. Segal’s books are always rich with emotions. Love Story is a novel based on two people Oliver and Jennifer from completely different family backgrounds. They are bonded by the strong love that they feel for each other. It is a story how they meet and then very soon fall in love with each other. They get married even though Oliver’s father was dead against the marriage. Later on Jennifer gets terminally ill and dies at the end of the book. It also portrayed the various attempts of Jennifer to unite the father with his

LAW FOR LICENSED PREMISES IN HOSPITALTY MANAGEMENT Essay

LAW FOR LICENSED PREMISES IN HOSPITALTY MANAGEMENT - Essay Example Moreover, this will also negatively affect the goodwill of the hotel and affect the brand value. In this context, the hotel industry of Manchester has a perfectly competitive market and thus people have their personal choices to choose the hotel according to their preferences and value for money (M.E.N Media, 2014). A hotel may provide wrong or misleading information to the customers in certain aspects including food labelling, prices of the food, and alcoholic strength among others. A hotel may also convey wrong and faulty information to customers through improper labelling for greater profitability (TTB, 2014). Very often it can be found that the hotels sell their products providing wrong information in their labels. Such as, they claim that their foods are fat free or cholesterol free to grab the attention of customers. However, in reality the scenario is completely opposite and therefore the hotel is misleading the customers with wrong information by following unethical practices. Moreover, it is also necessary for the hotels to proper label alcoholic beverages regarding the accurate percentage of alcoholic content. Majority of the times it is observed that the alcoholic beverages are labelled with much lower alcoholic content than the realty, which is completely unethical. The hotels are a lso seen providing misleading information to the consumers about their hotels through advertisements to increase its profit (Jpost Inc, 2014). In order to provoke the customers and attract them, the hotels often exaggerate the amenities that would be actually provided to the customers or the food items that would be available in those hotels. In the present day context, advertisement through social sites is another form of misleading customers by providing lucrative offers and images of the hotels, which may not be true. Moreover, the hotels often mislead customers by

Is Machiavelli justified in thinking that it can be right for a leader Essay

Is Machiavelli justified in thinking that it can be right for a leader to lie or break promises - Essay Example Men should not be heavily bound to keep promises, at times promises ought to be broken (Machiavelli 2004). Machiavelli describes the nature of man as being eager for personal gain, avoids danger and is dishonest at times. He also observes that all political leaders tell lies, break promises, extinguish family ruling and use religious beliefs as political tools. Lying has become part of politics and leadership systems in the society today. Lying goes hand in hand with breaking of promises (Kain 1995). A lie can be defined as untrue or false information meant to deceive another person to be as the ultimate truth. According to one of the scholars of deception, Lying is normal and it is not exceptional as human minds and bodies produce deceit. All people lie including lawyers, teachers, religious leaders and business people and it happens mostly in negotiations that are commercial oriented. Political leaders are no exceptional either; they are also involved in lying. Most leaders lie due to their desire to win over a certain agenda or issue related to political gains (Femia 2004). There are many instances that our leaders are involved in lying; current or future long term values about a good or a service, their goals, interests and priorities, when making a reservation point, if lying is the only alternative option left in a deal they are interested in, authority and ability to reduce terns of a certain contract or deal, promises, other offers; tenders, or bidders on a certain good or service, in case of a trial and finally their strength on the position they hold in leadership. Although at times some lies can usually be proved by evidences like documents signed, many forms of lies are not easily detected. Machiavelli argues that a clever leader should not keep his promises if they are not to his advantage. As far it is good to look trustworthy, religious,

An Argument for the Conviction of the West Memphis Three Essay

An Argument for the Conviction of the West Memphis Three - Essay Example There were other pieces of evidence but they stood out either because there was nothing to counter them or that they were indeed logical. The main reason why the West Memphis Three should be convicted is that Jessie Misskelley pointed out in his detailed statement that the three of them were the ones who brutally tortured and murdered the three young boys. Based on the recorded statement of Jessie Misskelley for the police, he saw Damien Echols hit Christopher Byers, and Jason Baldwin hit Stevie Branch, and that he was the one who captured Michael Moore while the latter was running (Paradise Lost: The Child Murders at Robin Hood Hills 41:43). The details of the interrogation are a proof that the interrogation and Misskelley’s answers to the questions could not have been merely set up by the police beforehand. Besides, the police would not have been that lazy as to set up three young men just to have the case closed early. The aforementioned statement of Misskelley was hardly n ullified by any of the defense lawyers. Another strong evidence against the West Memphis Three, particularly against Jessie Misskelley is that he was able to identify the boys in the pictures shown by the police. Although he made a mistake with the identification of Christopher Byers, mistaking him for Michael Moore, still he was able to identify them by face. The mere fact that he could identify the victims is actually a strong proof that he had contact with them prior to the trial. One more problem to this is that Jessie did not even tell any of his lawyers or his family that he was forced by the police to make such a confession. It was merely the lawyers who said so. Arguments of the defense in favor of Jessie included his mental handicap (34:35). Nevertheless, based on the deputy’s statement, Jessie was not tortured, maligned or harmed in any way prior or during the confession (47:31). The deputy could not have been lying under oath, based on the tone of his voice, and ba sed on the fact that Jessie did not vehemently or even secretly said that he was indeed harmed. Besides, Jessie’s reactions in court, like bowing his head, are that of a guilty man. Moreover, he has not in any way told his lawyers how innocent he was or how untrue his confession was. Another argument directed against Jessie is his sexual nature (36:20). As he was talking to his girlfriend on the phone, he recalls all the times that he has had sex with her. He may be young and still sexually active and he may only have said such things because he was talking to his girlfriend, and perhaps he was only saying so because he has been deprived of sex since he was arrested. Nevertheless, showing such sexual behavior and pretending in court that he has a mental handicap somehow simply fit the picture of a maniacal killer under the guise of an innocent lunatic. The point is that he may have had a mental handicap as what his lawyers pointed out but his highly sexual nature allowed him to be a sexual criminal at the same time. One other small detail against Jessie is the statement of his stepmother which somehow shows that she possibly believes that he has done it (21:30). She does not seem to show remorse or sympathy for him even while Jessie’s father and whole family do. For a close acquaintance or a family member who believes that it is possible for one to commit a crime is actually strong evidence against him. On the other hand, the evidence against Damien Echols, as proposed by the defense, may be rather fragmented but it remains a fact that if one puts the evidence together, it definitely makes a picture of a murderer. Damien, who looks more like a man who is capable of murder without remorse, has a pentagram in his book (1:11:00), is interested in Wicca (1:14:08), associates with Aleister

Quantitative research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Quantitative research - Essay Example On the other hand, the problem of the study is that persistent nursing shortages, in addition to, the worry about the quality of current health care emphasize the vital need to employ and retain a cadre of expert nurses in the nation’s hospitals. The researchers carried out an extensive literature review on the literature that supports the problem of the study. In addition, the study has mainly used primary sources, which provide evidence-based information for the investigation (Polit and Beck, 2008). However, the researcher used a number of information resources that are not up to date with some written 22 years before the time of the study. The researchers should have used latest literature, probably those published within 7 years or so. The literature review also provides a state-of-the-art blending of evidence with regard to the research problem, and it provides a substantial foundation for this study. In the study, the researchers have included a number of concepts, which they have adequately defined conceptually. The researchers have also included a conceptual framework, which is appropriate because it clearly defines the concepts of the study and the professional practice model that is suitable for the study. Although the researchers have not provided a conceptual map, it is justified because it could have served the purpose of the conceptual framework. The study included the following a set of three questions, which are explicitly stated. The questions sought to find out the baseline level of job satisfaction by nurses in a pediatric hospital with a conventional, hierarchical nursing administrative structure before the realization of an innovative professional practice model. It also sought to identify changes in job satisfaction that are associated with the execution of a fresh professional practice model whose emphasis is on participatory governance. The other question wanted to find out how the level of job satisfaction changes from the time o f submitting the Magnet recognition application to a year post submission in the chosen case. These questions are correctly worded with logical specification of the key variables and the study population. In addition, the questions are in tandem with the literature that the researchers reviewed and the conceptual framework that they provided. The researcher included a single hypothesis, which stated that the process of transforming the model of nursing control to participatory from top-down in order to attain Magnet recognition might be hectic and would be related with decreases in nurses’ satisfaction at work. The hypothesis is also suitable for the study because it clearly specifies key variables and it is consistent with the conceptual framework and the literature review (Polit and Beck, 2008). The study was cross-sectional, and it examined job satisfaction in a private pediatric, 282-bed hospital. The researcher conducted the study before, during, and directly after the a pplication for and achievement of a Magnet hospital position. It was during the time when nursing administrators, staff nurses, hospital nursing administrators, and nurse managers in cooperation developed a formal collective governance

The image is a parallel picture Essay Example for Free

The image is a parallel picture Essay As part of our Drama Portfolio we were asked to study the play Blood Brothers and re-enact parts of the production. Firstly, as a class we read the play/novel of Blood Brothers written by Willy Russell. The play is basically about two brothers, both separated from birth. One child was given away to a middle/upper class family and the other was kept in the natural family of a lower class. The two brothers meet up and become blood brothers by the joining of their blood, both not knowing they are real brothers. Numerous encounters put the boys in trouble and bring them closer together until an event whereupon they become estranged. Mickey Johnstone(the poorer of the pair) shoots Eddie Lyons (the richer man) following an argument about the woman, Linda, who is married to Mickey. Mickey discovers that Linda and Eddie have been conducting an affair without him knowing. The play is set in the heart of Liverpool. Mickey is a typical Liverpudlian and is attracted to the upper class lifestyle that Eddie leads. Eddie is also attracted to Mickey by the cool words and funny nature of the boy. Eddie likes the funny stories that Mickey tells and when they first meet he laughs for hours after listening to the witty but not always true tales. I enjoyed the play as it was enthralling and exciting in most places and therefore gave us the opportunity to re-enact this and pick up on the play acting in some sections of the play. We could elaborate and give good understanding of the scenes, but in small groups. To begin, we were given four still images to create entirely ourselves. All are listed below, explained and diagrammed fully. The first still image was respectably named CLASS SYSTEM. We named it, as it was basically about how people are treated when they are classed in certain money brackets. Three people are sat down in comfy armchairs whilst the cleaner is scrubbing the floor. All three upper classed people are busy reading newspapers, the cleaner is scrubbing the floor with her nails whilst being used as a footrest for all three upper class people. Following is a picture/diagram of how it actually looked: The picture shows that the cleaner is angry, depressed and basically deflated after they demand that she clean up after them. The three upper class persons however, look more angry and all seem to be looking down their noses at her. This shows how people are placed into different classes and only communicate with their friends or the people in the same class. The cleaner sees her work as grovelling, but she knows it is a job and needs the money. All of these pointers could be seen when the still image was watched and thought about. The second still image was given the title DIFFERENCE OF OPPORTUNITY. This basically means if people are generally brought up into wealth then they will live up to it and make something of their life, also they have to prove themselves to their parents and become someone who others look up to. If they are brought up into a poor family with no wealth then they have nothing to look up to and therefore become aggressive and turn to graffiti and drugs. However it also shows that both can mingle and become friends and can become either uplifted and get a good job or downgraded and go off the rails. The still image shows four people in parallel worlds, two leaving for school neatly dressed and the other two untidy. The two that want their education, laugh at the jokes made by others and basically enjoy their schooling. The other two are however the ones who make noises at the back of the class and tell the jokes but do not cherish their teenage years and make something of their life. They will become one of those older brothers who can do really cool things but generally know very little, perhaps hurting inside due to the fact they need the dole office to finance themselves, but can not keep a job if they are given one. Following is the second still image: The third still image is called DOES MONEY BRING YOU HAPPINESS. Generally it means that friends and company are better than money and no friends. Basically showing that you can be happy with or without a lot of money. However most people would rather have at least one person to share the money with and confide in. If you do not have the friends you cannot generally enjoy yourself or you can enjoy yourself but only until the money runs out. As the old poem states about Magpies- One for sorrow and two for joy A true friend sticks by you no matter what. They need not have money to be happy. Below is the still image: This basically shows three paupers scavenging for money and food. However, they have each other to confide in and can have a laugh together. The rich person on the right has a great amount of money and seems to be looking down at the poorer scavengers. In reality it is actually the other way round. The rich person would give his money to have friends and be happy, as he knows that one day his money will run out. The fourth still image is understandably named SCHOOL. It is basically about four children in school. Two children care about the school life and two despise it. The image is a parallel picture. This basically means that the two people on one side of the parallel image do not know of the relevance of the two on the other side of the image. The two on one side of the image are well-educated children brought up well with good discipline where it is needed. These two people have their hands up desperately seeking attention and trying to get in the teachers good books. The other two are also seeking attention but in different ways, they are trying to be the class clowns and make people laugh. In the future though, they are not going to get a superb job and will probably be signing on for unemployment benefits at the dole office. However they do not think that far ahead and want hits basically amongst the class. Below is the still image picture: Overall I think our still images were very teaching, touching and educational. Although a few were very similar they all told a different story. Some taught about how people are treated in different class systems i. e. poor to rich. Others taught how friends are worth more than money. All however were teaching a different story. Response phase part two In this section we devised a scene that showed the lives of Mickey and Eddie before they met and then during their friendship/brotherhood together. It shows what they have been through together throughout their lives. The scene starts out with Mickey (Simon) being in jail and Eddie (Liam) getting prepared to visit Mickey in jail. Eddie advances slowly towards Mickey and says I remember the days that we all met, They then point at each other to show that a flashback is about to occur. The flashback now shows Eddie and Mickey meeting for the first time. Adam and Charlotte both play the two characters in this section of the flashback. They engage in a conversation about each other. Mickey asks for a sweet and is given a few. Mickey now asks if Eddie is soft.

PR In Travel And Tourism Sector

PR In Travel And Tourism Sector Travel and tourism is consists in selling services, and services are hard to manage. Thats why PR and Promotions are widely used here. In this assignment I will look at real importance of PR and its role for Travel and Tourism industry. I will try to determine criteria for evaluation of PR effectiveness, skills a PR specialist need and types of media available for PR specialists. In last practical part of the assignment I will try to create a PR plan for a luxury hotel and will look at criteria for evaluation of a PR plan. Task 1. Evaluate the importance of PR in Travel and Tourism sector. 1.1 Role of PR as a promotional tool. There are many definitions of PR, such as the process of creating positive image in third partys minds or practice of managing information flow between an organization and the public. All these definitions have a common point: PR is used to shape the favorable image of a product, organization, and individual; to help a business to meet its objectives effectively, efficiently and successfully. The target of PR is Image (positive in most cases, sometimes negative) and the tool used to achieve it is called publicity. Publicity can be positive or negative, and not always can be controlled by the organization. Natural disasters are not controllable by companies managing travel resorts, these disasters however will bring lots of attention of media and damage profits. Scandals and bad rumors about a celebrity person face of a company cannot always be controlled. Some people say that there is no such thing as bad publicity any publicity is good. This statement is arguable, as bad publicity may create bad image of the business. PR is closely related to marketing activities of the organization, the targets and objectives of both departments are interrelated and often very much dependent on results of each other. The objectives of marketing are to introduce product to a customer in the right place at the right time, sell the product on the market. PR helps to achieve these objectives by making public (market) aware of company and its products, creating good image of the company. PR is part of Promotional mix (Advertising, PR, sales promotions and direct selling). PR is closely related to advertising, helps to make people aware of a product/business, getting attention of various public and making sales and profit. Various public includes customers, shareholders, community, general public (potential customers), money lenders However PR and advertisement are different, advertising are controllable, costs more, less credible and PR means less control, lower costs, more credibility. Different uses of PR include press relations, product publicity, corporate communication, sponsorships, influencing specific groups (community). They all work in different way, but all have the aim of building a good reputation, attracting attention, creating good image of a product or a company inside (corporate communication) and outside the company. Important use of PR is defending product reputation through large amount of positive publicity, covering negative image and scandals related to a product/company. 1.2 Importance of PR in travel and tourism. PR is important promotional tool for Travel and Tourism. It has multiple purposes, such as promoting an event or destination, building reputation of a company as green and responsible citizen, detracting attention of public from negative events (accidents, natural disasters). Lets look closer to different uses of PR in Travel and Tourism industry Promotional tool. PR is used alone or with other elements of promotional mix. The aim of promotion is create positive impact on public. An organization may wish to promote new activity, change in objectives, change in management, etc. PR is very important here, as promotion will be going through press releases, press conferences, sponsorships and prizes in competitions, invitation of journalists to try new activities (hotel, attraction, flight) for free. Communicational tool. Internal and external communication is very important areas of business existence and PR is widely used in both of them. Internal communication means communication with companys employees. Is often underestimated, which may result in bad morale and affect quality of products and especially services of the company. Service part is very important for tourism industry, as most of the products here are paired with services. External communication means keeping external parties (customers, shareholders, etc.) informed about changes in business. Is usually done through media releases, conferences with invitation of important guests (where the news are communicated face-to-face). Creating awareness. Awareness means attention and credit from public (customers, investors, money lenders), is important for any business. Awareness may be general, created through advertisement, supporting local charities; orientated to special person/organization as business plan presented to money lenders (bank); a simple note about changes in opening hours in the shop window. Awareness is important part of PR activities as it gets attention from existing and new stakeholders and creates base for building relationship. New hotel or travel resort opening will be served will waste publicity to bring public attention and create awareness. Building credibility. Credibility means successful operation of business. PR is important here as simple advertising will not have the same effect as well done press release (people tend to pay better attention an article than to annoying adverts). Advertising is done and hidden in journalist review of restaurant or attraction, special press release about Eco project. The key of success here is first-hand experience, Tourism industry sells experience mostly. Sky resort will prefer article in national newspaper written as third party experience to simple advert. Crisis management. Managing negative publicity is another important task of PR. Bad things happen and cannot always be controlled. Negative rumors can ruin tourism business, as customer experience and good reputation are vital part of tourism services. Overcoming negative consequences and covering them with positive publicity (press releases, official apologies, consequences management plan) is part of PR. After consequences of tsunami 2011 in Japan were liquidated national tour operators invited travel agents and journalists from around the world to visit Japan, to raise the credit and attention of the public again and bring sales to devastated national tourism. Sponsorship of an event, competition, charity is an effective way of gaining and maintaining good reputation. It has other benefits: is a way to work together with other organizations, establish relationship for mutual benefits, please important stakeholders by presenting them VIP passes to events (such as free VIP Olympic Games passes were presented to travel agencies staff by Games sponsors). Task 2 Evaluate the effectiveness of PR in Travel and Tourism business and skills necessary for effective PR. 2.1 Determine the range of PR and promotional skills. Successful PR activity requires certain skills from people engaged in it. In PR quality of information is more important that its quantity, quality PR is the key to success for a Tourism business. Lets look closer at important for PR person skills: Recognizing good opportunities quickly. Opportunity is a window to success. The crucial point here is to see good, creative, profitable opportunity and maximize it, use it before competitors do it. This skill forms with education and experience; studying, practicing and constantly refining experience is the way to maximize the PR potential. Find information which is really interesting for a presenter (press, media). Not all the information is of value for the media, press is only interested in colorful, well written and hot stories. Recognizing the value of potential story quickly and presenting it to the media in the right way is valuable knowledge for a PR person. The ability to choose the right media and offer information to necessary people is very much also important. Ability to present information well (in internal and external publications). Is basic PR skill, requires ability to write grammatically correct, present information in interesting and creative way (style, layout, language, use graphic components as tables and images). Creativity is an important here. Communicational materials (brochures, newsletters, magazines, reports) are of huge use in any business, helping to research and influence the market (promote, draw attention, build image). Ability to draw attention of right people to organization activity. The Importance of PR events cannot be underestimated. Press conferences, functions, opening parties, exhibitions help to bring attention of important people, to establish relationships, get positive feedback in the media. Presence of important people at an event (such as potential investors or journalists) is crucial here. Ability to build customer relations. This is interpersonal skill and partially formed with experience. However, the base of relationship is natural, personal ability to listen, communicate well and gain empathy of strangers. The ability to find what customers want and need is crucial to building positive customer relations and bringing public attention. 2.2 Effective use of PR in Travel and Tourism. Case study: budget accommodation (youth hostel) in central London As we already know PR is crucial for setting and enhancing image of the company. The use of PR may be positive (new product launch) or negative (crisis management). Lets look closer at the case study. Piccadilly Hostel is large youth hostel in Central London. It has 7 floors, 300 bedrooms (dormitories of 4, 6, 8 and 10 people and private rooms), able to accommodate 700 guests at a time. The hostel is the only business of Piccadilly Hotel Ltd. Marketing function here starts with 4P marketing mix (product, price, promotion and place). Product is quality accommodation in central London, closed to underground station and main tourist attractions. The hostel sets budget price, orientated on youth travellers and people who is simply travelling on a budget, people from all around the world. Promotions hostel is reaching its customers via online advertisement, direct e-mails, social media (Facebook, Twitter), working with international travel agencies and posting on comparison websites such as Trip Advisor. Place the hostel sells most of its beds online, directly on the website or through travel agents. Promotional approaches used are: Sales promotions, direct marketing .The hostel sets price offers in off-peak periods, e-mails vouchers and money off coupons to its former customers, sets price offers for big groups of people and customers who stays for long time. Educational visits. Hostel works closely with various travel agencies and investors groups. The representatives are often invited for short educational tour (observe the hotel facilities) and to try the hotel facilities (stay in the hotel). Advertisement and articles online and in social media. The hostel regularly advertises online, places articles on international travel websites around the world (TripAdvisor, Expedia). Hostel has official accounts on Facebook and Twitter, using them to communicate to fellow customers and post latest price offers and news. Street advertising. Piccadilly Hostel places advertisement on a huge electronic billboard next to closest underground station, where it can be seen by many tourists every day. By combining different means of PR and advertising Piccadilly Hostel gets attention of public around the world and acts as successful business with huge customer base, represents interest for potential partners and investors. Task 3 Understand the use of media in PR applied to Travel and Tourism. 3.1 Types of media used by PR. The term Media relates to print, broadcasting media, electronic and on-line media (relatively new and becoming increasingly popular), face-to-face contact. Printed media. Newspapers, magazines, journals and directories and catalogues always played huge role in advertising and PR activities of Tourism industry. Press releases covering new hotel or attraction, brochures about a companys services (hotel, flight, and travel agency), articles in newspapers and magazines, printed directories for travellers with contact information of attractions and venues have always been of large use in Tourism. Printed press can cover large amount of customers at a time at relatively low cost, it can be addressed to a specific group of customers (business magazines, free newspapers read by large group of potential travellers, etc.). Is mobile, gives opportunity to calculate readers response by special coupons, has additional credibility factor (advertisement in form of news or review article). Press presents experience in interesting, colorful way. Is important for Travel and Tourism industry which relies on selling mostly experience. Broadcasting is often referred to radio and television, although cinema, theatre and relatively new electronic and social media form part of broadcasting media. Each media has own advantages and disadvantages, thats why broadcasting media often used in complex. a) Television has always been widely used in PR for promoting products and services (especially by FMCG companies). It can cover large amount of customers in real time, can be zoned (divided by regions, different PR can be used in different areas), is interactive (provides opportunity for real time responses and sales), is popular, can be viewed at customers home in comfort. b) Radio is owned and listened by large amount of people, is very mobile (doesnt require a special set, can be listened on the go via mobile phone), real time and up to date, broadcasts 24/7. Although radio has disadvantages no picture can be transmitted, which is not good for advertisement of a travel destination. c) Cinema and theatre are important media for Travel advertisement, as customers can be shown a colorful advertisement (restaurant, tourist destination). People cannot skip a cinema ad, and tend to be loyal and less annoyed by advertising as they came to the cinema/theatre to enjoy. Electronic media appeared not long ago, but getting increasingly popular, especially in youth auditory; with advantages as low cost, popularity, coverage of different audiences, real time operation. Websites, social media, direct e-mails provide good mean of communication, PR, sales. Sales and reviews of new product (new flight, attraction) can be done through own website for free or through partners website for a fee (travel agency). Online accounts on social media (Facebook) give opportunity for live updates and real time customer communication at low cost. Review websites as Trip Advisor provide free, real time and credible reviews of tourism business. The popularity of electronic media is rising with growing use of computers and Internet, low cost mobile Broadband and free Wi-Fi hotspots. However, the disadvantage here may be the need of special equipment (computer, tablet, smartphone) and special skills to use it. Sponsorship is a mean of attracting attention to companys services, creating favorable image in the community (customers), widely used in Tourism business. Travel channels, competition sponsorships, celebrities using services of a company, tourist services featured in movies (resort, flight) are good means of PR. Often public doesnt notice the PR part in it, such as movie featuring a resort or celebrity choice of flight/hotel. Sponsorships however are expensive (although very effective) means of PR. 3.2 Uses of PR in Travel and tourism business. Different types of media have different advantages and disadvantages. The choice of appropriate medium means careful work and depends on nature of event or product promoted. The PR person can choose from editorials (printed media), press conferences, product presentation events, educational visits. Editorials are presented in form of news article, although have indirect function of advertising. Paid as advertisement by a company but controlled by editorial media staff. Editorials are liked by Tourism businesses because of credibility factor and presentation in form of first hand (journalists) experience. Editorial doesnt look like advertisement (getting more attention of public) but acts in advertising way (attracting attention, creating good image). Examples are promotional articles about hotels, flights, resorts in newspapers and magazines. Press conferences are used to make a special announcement, demonstrate new product. They are attended by journalists from different media (press, broadcasting, electronic) and used for spreading message across different media simultaneously, in real time. Press conferences have benefits of being personalized, real time events (opportunity of asking questions, establish important contacts). The disadvantage here is the possibility of difficult questions (which need to be answered) and not knowing how many guests will exactly turn up. Press conference is ideal mean of crisis management (such as accidents and natural disasters handling which unfortunately are common for Tourism industry). Product launch is a big and less formal occasion, usually is opening party. Is aimed to bring attention and get reaction in media. It can be a cocktail reception, dinner, seminar, with invitation of journalists, celebrities, partners, potential investors, senior members of community. The presence of TV at the event is welcomed as live translation is good for the host company. New resort openings, new jet demonstrations, festive parties organized by large companies (with invitation of journalists and celebrities) are common for Travel and Tourism. Educational visits are popular in Tourism business. Visits involve inviting journalists; travel agencies/partners staff to experience the product (new hotel, resort) in first hand. They are aimed to bring popularity, increase sales, show product to partners (sellers). Its often followed by advertisement-article describing (usually in good way) the experience. These visits are also used as educational aim for travel agency staff (helps to know better he product they sell). Sales promotion is separate part of promotional mix, however, very closely related to PR and often used as PR tool. Is short-term price incentive to boost sales, making money is main target here. Usually used in off-peak periods, can be used all around the year. Vouchers, discounts, money off coupons, loyalty cards are part of sales promotions. Most air carriers have loyalty programs, giving discounts and presents for frequent customers. Task 4 Create PR plan in Travel and Tourism context. 4.1 Create and explain PR plan using Jeffkins model. Francis Jeffkins created 6 points PR planning model, arguing that planning can be done in 6 simple steps. Effective PR doesnt happen by accident, it needs to be carefully planned. As any plan, PR plan has objectives, strategies and actions. The objectives may change with time, PR planning is constant process and reflects any change in circumstances and always uses any free or low cost opportunity for publicity. Most popular and widely accepted model is Jeffkins model consists in: Situation Analysis (Research) analyzes current situation as SWOT, mission and values of organization, external factors as pressure groups activity and competition. PR plan should fit in overall marketing planning and never go against goals and mission of the company. PR plan research however needs additional research of target audience and its preferences, effective media, etc. Establishing the Marketing Objectives part includes defining objectives (goals), strategies and tactics. Most popular objectives of PR plan are creating awareness (new product, new management, new charity program); build credibility (make people believe that the publicity is coming from third party and not a planned and paid effort of the company self); increase sales; build good image; defend declining image and lower promotional costs. Objectives are never static, they change together with circumstances. Defining the Target Audience (Publics) is defining relevant audience and researching issues important for given audience. Building right message for the right public is crucial for success of PR plan. Important thing here is creating messages that dont deny each other (for different groups interests) and carefully check that a message is not offensive for other, not target, audiences. Media Selection. The media will bring the message to the target audience, choosing the right media means choosing best way to achieve the audience. Media available for PR specialists include printed press, TV and radio broadcasting, conferences and events (charity events, sponsorships, opening parties, press conferences), Internet (quite new but already very powerful mean of communication and PR). Establishing a Budget. PR, as any other activity of organization should be cost effective and budget planning helps to find optimal cost-result way for PR. Some PR activities come for free (as word of mouth) but most are paid and sometimes quite expensive. The costs include salaries of PR staff, agents and media fees, costs of setting up events and sponsorships, etc. There are hidden costs that need to be counted for, as costs of free promotional items (food samples, hotel rooms) and revenue lost because these items were not sold (opportunity cost). Implementation and Control. Implementation is about making PR plan work. Not all press releases or online articles will be published, grand openings and sponsorships need to be reflected about in media to get attention and make PR plan work. Making PR events interesting for media and establishing good relationship with media owners is crucial point of PR plan implementation. Control is an important point as it shows how effective PR plan was (by comparing forecasted results of PR activity with actual ones). The control points may be presented by sales, brand loyalty, market position, attention from the public, etc. Practical task: PR plan for Opening of new branch of luxury hotel. Hilton is international hotel chain providing luxury services for travellers. It plans to open new hotel in London, UK. PR specialists created plan to undermine the opening. Situation analysis. London is huge city with developed network of accommodation for any pocket, including luxury services, the competition is great here. There are still areas in Central London with great potential where no luxury accommodation exists. Hilton is brand recognized worldwide with brilliant reputation. Corporation plans to build luxury accommodation and bring new life to the Central London area, with casino and bars, luxury shopping center, 5 star dining and strictly guarded hotel access to protect privacy of the guests. Target audience includes celebrities, members of worldwide governments, wealthy businessmen, famous music and movie stars. PR campaign will consist of: Press conference before even starting the building works to draw attention of journalists worldwide. Articles about Hilton Corporation featuring plans for new hotel in London in press around the world, TV broadcasting during music shows and concerts to draw attention of general public and make people talk about new hotel. Constant updates in worldwide press and TV about how building, decorating, furnishing works are going to keep the public interested, TV program featuring new hotel when is ready to open. Inviting worldwide famous chefs, barmen to work for new hotel venues, featuring this on the TV worldwide. Grand opening party with concert of the worldwide famous stars; journalists from around the world and other important guests, welcoming of the stars, journalists and guests to stay for free after party. The media used are press, TV for their worldwide coverage and ability to reach target audience: celebrities and stars mostly. Internet will be used as secondary media, featuring new hotel in blogs and celebrity websites (is cheaper that TV) The budget of this PR plan is huge, constant TV broadcasting; final opening party, famous chefs to work at Hilton and free night for the guests will cost fortune. The Hilton Corporation will make sure it has the money to cover building works and PR campaign. 4.2 Identify and explain ways to determine the effectiveness of PR plan. PR is part of Promotional mix and comes in scope with other elements. Thats why checking the effectiveness of PR only as promotional tool may be difficult. The possible ways to see how effective PR is are: Exposures in the media is attention from the public brought by PR. Ways to measure it are online and press comments, search engine ranks, positive discussions in the media, raise in public awareness. PR agencies supply clients with clipping books showing all exposure achieved in a time period (for example last month) in all the media (TV, radio, press, online). However, exposure may be hard to count (is impossible to know exactly how many people seen the TV ad) and quantity of exposure solely doesnt show PR effectiveness (not all the exposure may come from target audience). For example, aircraft presentation will bring exposure from the public in form of online comments and discussions, video viewings online, TV and radio discussions not paid by the company owing the aircraft. All this exposure will be carefully checked and measured to see how effective the presentation was. Awareness from the public is another way to measure PR effectiveness, is change in public attention due to PR event. Is measured in research, checking how well people witnessed PR event (presentation, opening, news) can recall this event. Awareness is effective way to check stand-alone PR activity. However is not so efficient when PR event went together with other promotions (sales promotion, advertising). If hotel opening event was supported by advertising is hard to tell which of these two brought more attention. Attitude change is one of the key objectives of PR campaign and a way to measure its success. Any PR activity will result in attitude change which is monitored in researches. On-line panels, phone or personal interviews will show the shift in public attitude before and after PR event. Promotional campaign showing benefits of ecotourism by travel agency will raise the demand and positive attitude of public to ecotourism. Surveying the people after the campaign will show how effective it was. However, attitude shift may not only be the result of this given PR campaign (but other related news and articles, not related to given campaign). Popularity of ecotourism may be partially the result of government campaign or activity of green groups. Media relations as way to measure success of PR plan are about level of cooperation with different media. Successful PR campaign will raise the attention of journalists and make them want to be part of the campaign now and in future. Thats why journalists, important people from the media and various celebrities are often invited grand hotel openings, new aircraft presentations, new tourist destination launches. The more famous guests are present, the better will be attention in the media. Contribution to profits is most effective way to measure PR plan success. Raising sales and profits are best news for company directors. PR plan is part of overall company activity though and raising sales may not be the result of PR campaign only, is hard to determine exactly which percentage of sales was contributed by PR activity. Any PR plan has own objectives, determining how effectively and efficiently these objectives achieved is the way to see effectiveness of a PR plan. PR plan, however forms part of overall business activity and promotional mix, is hard to measure effectiveness PR plan individually. Conclusion Importance of PR is hard to underestimate, it helps tourism businesses grow and expand, make profit in quickly changing circumstances. It is relatively new, but growing more popular area of science, with demand for good PR specialists. PR is about creating and managing the image of companies, products and whole industries and Travel industry is not an exception.

The Project plan for new restaurant

The Project plan for new restaurant Because there is small restaurant in The College of North Atlantic Qatar that provides limited services in quantity and quality. Therefore, this marketing research report is prepared in order to find out the possibility of success of the new restaurant that will take place in College next few months. The management decision problem that we need to solve is: Is there a need for a new restaurant in the College of North Atlantic Qatar? What is the possibility of its success? This management decision problem is related with many marketing questions such as: Are students satisfied with the current restaurants services in terms of prices, quality of food, and menu? Is there enough demand on the new restaurant? What type of food and services do students prefer in the new restaurant? What can the new restaurant do to increase demand over its services? This is what we need to know. We can get answers to these questions from students of the College of North Atlantic Qatar. Therefore, we need to develop approach to get information needed. In this project, we are going to make marketing research process step by step. This report is the second step in the project. The main purpose of this part is to tell about the approach of the report. It will exactly tell about primary and secondary information. Information Needs In order to deal with the management decision problem and marketing problem, following is a list of information required to be gathered by the research project. To make it easy, the information needs classified into categories as following: Prices Are students satisfied with the current restaurant services in terms of prices? Do students feel that the current restaurant prices are fair? Do students feel that the current restaurant prices reasonable? What is the limit of prices do students prefer in the new restaurant? Services Are students satisfied with the current restaurant services? What are problems with services of current restaurant? What are services students want to see in the new restaurant? What about quality of food provided at current restaurants? How do students evaluate staff skills at current restaurant? What additional services students want in the new restaurant? Do students look for high or limited service restaurant? Design and dà ©cor Are students satisfied with the current restaurant dà ©cor and design? What are problems with dà ©cor and design of current restaurant? What type of dà ©cor and design students want to see in the new restaurant? What additional dà ©cor students want in the new restaurant? What type of design do students prefer? Do students prefer traditional design? Food and drinks Are students satisfied with the current restaurant beverage? What are problems with menu of current restaurant? What are foods and drinks students want to see in the new restaurant? What type of food and drinks students want to see in the new restaurant? Advertising Are students satisfied with the current restaurant advertising method? What are preferred advertising methods for students? Do students prefer local newspapers or pouches as advertising tool for the new restaurant? Do students visit the website of the College regularly? Do students prefer SMS advertising? Secondary Research Findings A list of appropriate Advertising Media Options There are many advertising media options in order to advertise about the new restaurant. These options include: (Small Business Management, 2009) Newspaper: Almost every home receives a newspaper, either by newsstand or home delivery. Reading the newspaper is a habit for most families. And, there is something for everybody: sports, comics, crosswords, news, classifieds, etc. Magazines: They are usually weekly or monthly publications instead of daily. Advertising messages are more image-oriented and less price-oriented. The quality of the pictures and paper are superior to newsprint. Advertisements involve color more often. Radio: Radio, as a medium, offers a form of entertainment that attracts listeners while they are working, traveling, relaxing or doing almost anything. Radio media advertising is a relatively inexpensive way of reaching people. Television: Television is often called king of the advertising media, since a majority of people spend more hours watching TV per day than any other medium. It combines the use of sight, color, sound and motionand it works. Outdoor Advertising: When people think of Outdoor Advertising, they usually think of the colorful billboards along our streets and highways. Included in the outdoor classification, however, are benches, posters, signs and transit advertising (the advertising on buses, subways, taxicabs and trains) they are all share similar advertising rules and methods. Because there is no one best way to advertise our restaurant, and based on analysis of adverting media options, we decided to use posters and brouchers. There are many other ways to advertise inside the college such as mobile SMS, but we selected these methods as a starter of our advert strategy because it will cost less than the other methods and its really easy and effective way to deliver our message efficiently to the community of CNA-Q. Both will be distributed inside the buildings of the College of North Atlantic. In order to do so, we will first develop the content and design of the brouchers and posters. Then we will review them. After that, we will print about (100) posters and brouchers in different locations in the campus of the College. We will concentrate on the library, cafeteria, entrances, car parking, etc. The cost of preparing posters and brouchers include costs of printing, copying, and distribution. The cost will be about QR 500. Before distribution, we will get admission from the management of the College. Moreover, we will take care that we include information and figures attractive and show respect to Qatari traditions and culture. Population Numbers and Statistics on Consumers The Student Restaurant will operate and take place within the College campus. It will provide services not only to the College students but also the staff and faculty. There are about 2300 students at the College and the staff and faculty are about 568 (The College of North Atlantic Qatar website, 2010). The restaurant customers are: Male and female, Qatari and non-Qatari, with different levels of income, all are students, and there ages are between 19- up. The Student Restaurant will target all the College students regardless of their ages, department, nationality, or gender. The restaurant will also target all staff and faculty at The College of North Atlantic. Kind of business Our business is restaurant. In order to compete and attract customers, other restaurants in Qatar uses different ways such as providing low prices products, promotion, extensive advertising, free delivery, etc. According to one article, in order to attract customers to restaurant it is important to: Market your restaurant in public places: therefore we will market our restaurant in public areas in the College. Offer special deals: we will provide special deals as 5% discount, free coupons, etc. Sponsor different events: we will make communication to sponsor some activities within the College. Customer service: we will provide high quality customer service by high skillful staff (Setup my restaurant, 2010). We learn from previous part that we have specific target customer, and we can provide better services by considering the importance of marketing and customer service. Conclusion The main purpose of this part of the project was to tell about the approach of the marketing research project. Our analysis show that the management decision problem that we need to solve is: is there a need for a new restaurant in the College, and what is the possibility of its success? In order to collect information about student attitudes towards current restaurant services, prices, design, and menu, and in order to measure student attitudes towards the new restaurant, it is recommended to use the survey as a tool to collect information from sample of College of North Atlantic Qatar students.

Native American Creation Story versus Christian Creation Essay

When I was a child I had been told a Christian creation story is different from the one that I had read in the book ? Iroquois. The differences between these two creation stories are: at the beginning of creation of the world, the type of people, and the meaning of the story. At the beginning of the story about the creation is different: in Christian story, the first day God created the heavens and the earth. God created the world in seven days, and the world has day time, night time, plants, trees, sky, seas, lands, water, birds, wild animals, foods, the man ? Adam, and his wife ? Eve. On the other hand, in Iroquois, that has two worlds in ancients already ? the lower world was in great darkness and humankind inhabited the upper world. It means there was no creation of the world for Iroquois. In Christian story, the man ? Adam was working alone at the garden ? Eden. God though it was a good idea for him to be alone, therefore, God caused Adam to fall into a deep sleep, and God took his ribs and made a woman ? Eve. They become a couple, living and working together. On the ...

Golda Meir Essay -- essays research papers fc

Golda Meir   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The state of Israel, established on May 14, 1948, had many great leaders that helped it to become a state. One of them was Golda Meir. Golda Meir was one of the most energetic and hardworking women in the world. Without her help, it is possible that Israel would have never survived as a state in an area surrounded by Arabs. With all of the hard work that Golda did for her country, she still had time for a family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Golda Meir (born Golda Mabovich) was in my opinion one of the most energetic and hardworking women in the world. If she set out to do something, whether it was to wash her families clothes or to create a Jewish state in the land of Israel, the job was never left unfinished. As a child, she decided that she wanted there to be a Jewish state, where any Jew would not be refused citizenship. She spent her whole life working to achieve this goal and in 1948, her dreams came true.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After Israel became a state in 1948, there was constant fighting between the Israeli's and the Arabs. Without her help, The Israeli's would have possibly never survived as a state. In the beginning, Israel hardly had any weapons. Golda Meir once again decided she wanted to help Israel so she went to the United States and She went to other countries to try to help Israel out with this problem by raising money. In the US, she gave speeches at universities and she contacted the head governmen...

Prejudice In West Side Story :: essays research papers

In the book West Side Story by Arthur Laurents there were many prejudices. Prejudice is a favoring or dislike of something without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge. There were prejudices in West Side Story that had to do with the types of people, their races and sex. Sometimes prejudice can be in small doses and can be meaningless, other times prejudice can be very serious and cause death. Prejudice was the theme of this story, there are many examples.For instance, an act of prejudice in West Side Story was the Puerto Ricans disliking the Americans and vice versa. The PR's diskliked the Americans because the first day, Bernardo (leader of PR gang) was jumped by one of the Jets. The Jets wouldn't let the PR's come on their turf, such as Doc's store. The PR's were not wanted in the U.S. and they were given a hard time. The American's were prejudiced of the Puerto Ricans, so they did cruel things to them.Another act of prejudice in West Side Story was the Jets having prejudice against Anybody's joining their gang. They told her to go wear a dress, she wittily replied that she had scabby knees. She told them that she lurks in the shadows and even provided the Jets with important information. She had a haircut like a boy's and wore boy clothes. This could be a prejudice beyond having a girl in a gang, it could be that they have a prejudice against homosexuals, the fact that the stereotype of lesbians play a role in the character of Anybody's.There were little prejudices passed around in West Side Story. Some people saw through that, some people tried to stop that foolish behavior. Glad Hand, the administrator of the dance, he tried to get everybody to stop acting that way. Glad Hand made everybody split up across the room, and then whoever was directly across from each other danced together. Doc tried to stop the gangs from having the war council, he told them basically to grow up and stop their childishness. Doc and Glad Hand couldn't stop the fighting. Tony saw through the prejudice though, he loved one of the PR's and when the Jets found out, they were ashamed. Tony's love for Maria was so real, he didn't care what happened. He died.Prejudice plagues this world now and forever, as long as there is a difference in people there will discrimination and prejudice.

Pros and Cons of Ethical Theories

Ethical Theories- Pros and Cons Katherine Bryson ETH/316 October 15, 2012 Mark Cobia Ethical Theories- Pros and Cons The similarities between the virtue theory, the utilitarianism theory and deontological theory are that they all support good and responsibility. Virtue theory not only concentrates on how an individual acts but also what a person should strive to be, for example a religious figure may personify perfection when in the public when they really should strive for that perfection at all times. The deontological theory states that people â€Å"have a moral obligation to follow certain principles. I liken this to the Ten Commandments, rules or principles that we all are expected to follow. â€Å"The utilitarian theories, as supported by John Stuart Mill, call for generating the greatest aggregate good for the greatest number of people. One major benefit of such theories is that they take consequences into account. They seek specifically to promote the human good as a whole. They also provide guidance for behavior, enabling people to know what qualifies as the moral choice. † I will again use the religious area as an example because to me this is what the religious leaders do.They preach to the multitudes to be good and do good and they also offer guidance. The differences between virtue theory, utilitarian and decontological are that â€Å"virtue ethics cannot generate specific rules to guide behavior. † Under the utilitarian theory â€Å"only total human good or happiness matters. † Deontological theories â€Å"do not always clarify how to rank duties. † I lived in a very small community where everyone knew everyone and we all thought we were living the life of good moral standards and values, until one day I saw a very prominent member of the community, enter an establishment that everyone knew was a hangout for drug users.This person was there for a long time and when they came out you could tell they were under the influ ence. Now according to the deontology theory it was my obligation to report this person to the proper authorities, but I fell short because it meant the demise of a family.References Ridley, Aaron. 1998. Beginning Bioethics. New York: St. Martin’s Press http://www. bio. davidson. edu/people/kabernd/Indep/carainbow/Theories. htm http://www. ehow. com/info_8404891_pros-cons-ethical-theories. html

History of Oldtown

1. 2 Brief write up of the come withs history TheOld township flannel Coffee,OTWC(Chinese ) is the largestkopitiamrestaurantchain inMalaysia. Its main(prenominal) headquarters is inIpoh, Perak,Malaysia. Established in 1999, the co-fo to a lower places and Executive Director, Mr. Goh Ching Mun and Mr. Tan Say snare are the incorporation of flannel drinking chocolate shop and let quality white umber to Malaysian households and the solid food serve industry. It manufactures nictation drinkable commixes and products, in addition to in operation(p) over 180 cafe releases end-to-end Malaysia and the region.With more than 10 course of instructions of give birth in the umber berry drinkable industry, both of co-founders were instrumental in the growth of the Oldtown concourse of companies. Next, Mr. Lee Siew Heng, concourse of Managing Director who compete a significant role in implementing the overall vision, strategy and development of the Oldtown gathering is the one of support them to incorporation Oldtown root word. In 1999, they successfully to commercialize the egregious 3-in-1 coffee mix under the OLDTOWN brand wee for the retail sector.By end of 2009 October, the OLDTOWN 3-in-1 second gear coffee mix was sold in round 1,348 retail military issues nationwide in Malaysia, virtually 550 retail outlets in Singapore and virtually 2,100 retail outlet in Hong Kong. In 2000, the OLDTOWN brand of 3-in-1 eye blink coffee mix is the starting line export to Singapore. In 2001, tweed cafe marketing commenced trading trading operations as the marketing arm for the conventions beverage products. During the identical year, the product take in is rarify and includes varied variations of the instant coffee mix.In addition, instant coffee mix has as well spread out export to Hong Kong markets. In year 2002, White Cafe obtained a halal certification from the Islamic Religious surgical incision of Perak for the assemblages beverag es. This is the part of OLDTOWN congregations intentions, which is to produce the beverages in concurrence with the Islamic law. In the same year, OLDTOWN sort outs have successfully expand to nationwide retail distribution of 3-in-1 instant coffee mix to cover vitamin E and West Malaysia through major hypermarkets and supermarkets.In 2003, OLDTOWN Groups have too successfully commercialized the new blend of 3-in-1 instant milk tea for the retail market under the OLDTOWN brand name. In determine of expanding OLDTOWN manufacturing activities, OLDTOWN Groups incarnate Gongga food in 2003 and commenced operations in 2004 manufacturing roast coffee pulverization for the road run sector using the Groups proprietary bean roasting process. OLDTOWN Groups also distributed the roasted coffee powder to traditional coffee shops in Ipoh and different states in Malaysia.In addition to the food function sector, roasted coffee powder is also marketed to the retail sector under the NAN YANG brand. In 2004, it also further penetrated the export markets for 3-in-1 instant coffee to cover the joined States, Canada and United Kingdom and subsequently in 2005, Taiwan and Indonesia. In 2005, OLDTOWN Groups expanded vertically into the food services sector by opening a chain of cafe outlets based on the traditional Ipoh coffee shop mountain and ambience under the OLTOWN smock coffee bean brand name.This is part of the Groups strategy of capitalizing and reinforcing on the OLDTOWN black-and-blue umber brand in the food services industry. In the same year, Kopitiam Asian pacific commenced operations in the licensing, supply of food, beverages and other item, and provide of management services to OLDTOWN tweed COFFEE cafe outlet. Since the opening of the first OLDTOWN WHITE COFFEE cafe outlet in Ipoh in 2005, the chain of cafe outlets have expanded to reach 137 cafe outlets in Malaysia and Singapore as at 31 October 2009. This included fully and partially owned, and immunityd cafe outlets.In 2005 and 2006, OLDTOWN Groups has accomplished the subsidiaries namely as Old townspeople Kopitiam, Old Town Kopitam Butterworth, Old Town Kopitiam Kuala Lumpur, Old Town Kopitiam Cheras, Conneczone to counseling on operating cafe outlets in different areas and states within Malaysia. To support the cafe outlet business operations, their established the following subsidiaries as central food treat centres betwixt year 2005 and 2007 Emperors Kitchen commenced operations in 2005 Esquire Chef commenced operations in 2007 Dynasty confectionery commenced operations in 2007. In 2005, Gongga sustenances business activities also expanded to cater to the procurement of food items for OLDTOWN WHITE COFFEE cafe outlets. In the same year, Gongga fodder also obtained a proper certification from the Islamic Religious segment of Perak for the production of its roasted coffee powder. Furthermore, OLDTOWN Groups has obtained a HACCP certification from BM TRADE se curity Ltd for the processing and manufacturing of beverage roducts. In 2006, the fraternity also expanded the product export to Japan and mainland China markets. In the same year, the company incorporated Dynasty Kitchen as a distribution centre, which commenced operations in 2007. During this year, groups company also incorporated Oldtown Berhad, which will focus on investment holding and provision of management services pursuant to its itemization on the Main Market of Bursa Securities. afterwards the OLDTOWN Groups also started exportation to Thailand and Philippines.In view of groups company plans to expand more cafe outlet business operation to Singapore, OLDTOWN company also incorporated Oldtown Singapore in 2007 to provide management services, supply of food and beverage items to cafe outlets in Singapore. OTK Singapore commenced operations in 2008 with the launch of the first OLDTOWN WHITE COFFEE cafe outlet in Singapore. In 2008, the company of Dynasty Confectionery and Esquire Chef obtained proper certifications from the Islamic Religious Department of Perak for the processing of various foods.On other food-processing subsidiary, Emperors Kitchen obtained HALAL certification from the IFRC ASIA. To further affirm, OLDTOWN Groups adherence to international food safety standard and White Cafe achieved ISO 220002005 certification and ISO 90012000 from BM TRADA Certification in 2008 in addition to GMP certification by the Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia in the same year. Within 2008, OLDTOWN Groups has expanded the product lines to include 3-in-1 instant coffee mix with cane sugar.In 2009, Gongga Food obtained a HACCP certification from BM TRADA Certification Ltd for the production of roasted coffee powder. OldTown White Coffee now exports its instant beverage mixes to more than 10 countries worldwide and plans to expand its cafe outlet network in the region. The group has an extensive chain of cafes in Malaysia via 194 outle ts as of end Nov 2011, and also operates a few outlets that are open 24/7 in certain areas. This hit includes fully and partially owned outlets, franchise outlets and licensed outlets.

Emily Dickinson – Theme of Love

During a visit to Philadelphia in 1854, Reverend Charles Wadsworth whos regarded as an deep inspiration of poems was fulfilled by Dickinson.Also, Dickinson isolated herself and emphasized her isolation by dressing in white. Her seclusion is present as a motif in some love poems. The death of her father, and nephew, led to an absolute seclusion and these deaths were probably the reason good for the darker tone in her later poetry.Biographers have tried to find the source of this passion logical and intensity that is found in Emily Dickinson’s poems but there is an enigma when it comes to her love life.Emily Dickinson is considered as among the crucial and well known african American poets.I decided to analyse some poems in which Emily Dickinson wrote about love from these different stranding points. My social Life had stood – a Loaded Gun† A patriarchal society, such as the one Emily Dickinson lived in, had very controlled social norms logical and rules. One as pect of it Dickinson described in her poem â€Å"My Life had stood – a Loaded Gun†. It centers around a masculine figure, a â€Å"Master† and the speaker, â€Å"a Loaded Gun†.

She dwelt 55 years softly.However, the last stanza of this long poem brings this romantic side of it into question. Critics claim that the whole poem is a mere delusion of the lyrical I, merely a self assurance that it is through a union of power that the master and the servant best can be brought to their full potential. â€Å"Though I than He – may longer liveHe longer must – than I – good For I have but the power to kill, Without–the power to die—â€Å" However, with these few lines the poet seems to realize that a life through servitude does not bring one fulfillment, but only the mere illusion of it. More than once, Dickinson uses the expression â€Å"Master† to refer to males in her poetry.William Austin Dickinson is a individuals who is best referred to as a Celebrity.Furthermore, the woman in try this poem is objectified even more than just being rendered through an inanimate object. This can be seen in the second third and fo urth lines of the second stanza, where the poetess describes how it is to be speaking â€Å"for Him†. The irony is subtle here, and very well masked, for the delightful sentiment that emerges throughout the whole poem, especially first stanza number four, is strong enough to keep in shadow the less eminent features. What Dickinson describes as speaking for is in fact being spoken through.

Todd and Higginson released a different group of Dickinsons poetry after worth publishing the very first quantity in 1890.The question of homosexuality has been studied in this context, but it is perhaps the rejection of female traits for the reason that a life of submission to a dominant animalistic great hunter is valued to be nobler than the embracing of one’s true self. Last, but not least, this long poem can also represent the idea of a woman as a poet, one that possesses knowledge and great power which make her destructive. Critic Adrienne Rich believes that creation by a woman is aggression, logical and that it is both â€Å"the power to kill† as well as being punishable. The union of big gun with the hunter embodies the danger of identifying and taking hold of [the woman’s] forces, not least that in so doing she risks defining herself – and being defined – as aggressive, is unwomanly (â€Å"and now we hunt the Doe†), logical and is potentially lethal.Emily received a wonderful education.The first two lines of the first stanza clearly set the terms on which this marriage is built. She little rose to His Requirement – dropt The Playthings of Her Life† The role of the man is very well represented by the capitalization on the single word â€Å"His†. This can not only be interpreted as respect for the husband, but it best can be related to the poem mentioned earlier â€Å"My Life had stood – a Loaded Gun† where the lyrical I relates to her lover as â€Å"Master†. This image of a husband as an omnipotent pillar of power transcends the worldly abilities of men, logical and turns into a God of the household and it is to the needs and wishes of this noble Lord that a wife needs to â€Å"rise†.

She had a life that is very reclusive.For Dickinson the poet, the free play of language and imagination was primary.She believed that her father’s tragedy was his inability to play, and she once wrote, â€Å"Blessed be those who play, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. † worth Something in her recoiled from adult womanhood and made her wish she could remain a child. In a famous letter to her friend Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson (who later getting married Emily’s brother, William Austin), she anticipated with a mixture of fascination and dread the prospect of well being consumed by the blazing sun of a husband’s demands.A guy cannot be too careful in the selection of his enemies.Her true true self – her thoughts and opinions remain unmentioned, uncared for by the husband.Dickinson uses the sea to illustrate her point. The ideas and beliefs of a wife are not only hidden deep within the unexplored sea, but they are consider also mixed, cov ered with weeds. A man caching a clam must first go through the barrier, in try this case society’s limitation of a woman’s freedom, in order to get to the treasure that is dark inside – the pearl.

Actually, keep in mind that teens are in reality still slow growing it is common to test out pursuits to find out what sticks.Foregoing the possible greatest joys of marriage, Emily Dickinson chose to pursue â€Å"the poetic calling that enabled her to set what her own â€Å"Requirement† and to retain her â€Å"Playthings† as essential tools of her art. † (Leiter 174) â€Å"If you were coming in the fall. † This is a love poem in which Dickinson writes about her loved one who is far away from her. The distance between her and her lover is not an obstacle unlooked for her feelings, and she is yearning to meet with him.Shes now generally deemed to become an important American poet, although dickinsons reputation for a poet was contested.A season becomes a year in the second stanza. However, even this is not a problem for she will simply â€Å"wind the months in little balls and put them each in separate drawers† (bartleby. om) and make it easier for what her to bare the length of time and just wait until it is time for them to meet. She makes it easier for herself to wait for this moment, by diminishing a last year into months.

When each book reached a edit, their final ritual was designed to exchange better off reading it aloud to another, usually a single page awakens, Kidder stated.She would toss away her life â€Å"like a rind,†(bartleby. com) as something that is not important.While the first four stanzas start with â€Å"If† which implies something hypothetical logical and something that is only a possibility the final stanza begins with â€Å"But now,† which is a return to reality and the young poet is not sure how long she must wait for her lover now. Furthermore, she is not sure if they will meet at all, or is he even coming.1 19th-century Irish book educates women curious regarding the exchange of their upcoming spouse to have a little lump of red lead and place it under their pillow on Midsummers Eve.What if I say I shall logical not wait? This poem is about separation as well.Lovers are here apart because of others, and not their own will. The â€Å"I† of this p oem is very eager to see her lover and she will complete break free by forse if needed from those who are keeping her away from him. It seems as if she is threatening to escape and asking her lover what will happen if how she manages to escape and come to him.