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MOM IN THE JACUZZIIt was not until I read my first erotic story about(predicate) mothers and sons, that my Mom became my object of desire. I cannot describe my Mother as a sex goddess. She is the typical forty-something, with brown hair and eyes, about 5 foot and two inches tall, and weights 130 lbs. Mom just oozes motherhood. Her one enduring physical quality is her big breast. Theyre not outsized. Theyre just really nice. So this instant every sons dilemma, how do you seduce your mother? I kept a small collection of magazines about family encounters to fuel my imagination and to help plan the supreme seduction. I fantasized about many scenarios with my Mom, but one of my biggest fears was that my Mom or soda pop would find the magazines. Fortunately, as an only child, I was spoiled with a large bedroom and bath in the full-basement of my parents ranch style home. I had plenty of privacy, which is important to a college student living at home. The only draw book binding was that the laundry room was located between my room and the bath, and about three times a week, I had to endure my Mom doing laundry, while I tried and true to sleep. After four years of fantasizing, opportunity knocked. I was standing in the middle of our living room, massaging Moms shoulders, while talking with both my parents. Nothing erotic about the massage, it was just a chance for me to touch my Mother. I mentioned that Mom should get in the Jacuzzi. I said, that I had not been in the tub for months, and I asked Dad if the water was ready. He replied that the tub was clean and ready for use. My Mom then said, that she got into the tub every day. I responded by questioning when, and stated, that I havent seen any clean suites hanging up to dry. She replied, every morning when your Dad leaves for work, and that she doesnt wear a bathing suite. My mind started racing with images of my Mom skinny dipping in the hot tub, and me sleeping through the whole thing. As luck would hav e it the next two days were Saturday and Sunday, and my dad was home. Monday morning I was standing at my bedroom gate listening to my Dad drive off to work. A few minutes later, I heard my Mom walk out side heading for the Jacuzzi.

Comparing Christianity and Stoicism Essay -- Comparison Compare Contra

Introduction Over the course of human history every society, even the roughly culturally isolated of civilizations, has developed some form of faith-system for interpreting and mind the spiritual and material worlds. Thousands of such systems have existed over the centuries, and as tribes and cultures expanded, these faith-systems inevitably met from for each one one new(prenominal) face-to-face and clashed. Two thousand years ago there was a particularly important collision one between the Roman stoic and the gentile Christian. At this time in Western civilization, Christianity was just planting its seeds and beginning to grow, whereas stoicism was already legitimate in its foundation and strong in its following (Stavrianos 100). One might wonder how Christianity ultimately replaced stoicism as the prominent and official religion in Rome. There are a few particular political and historical events that tell us exactly when and how it happened, but the curious man is more concerned with the psychology behind the transition. In other words, why would men tend to prefer one over the other? Before one can explain this, it is necessary to understand fully the particulars of each system. In general, most faith systems can be understood in three parts logic, physics, and ethics. There is a famous garden metaphor for understanding the relationship among the three. One should imagine a walled garden where inside there grows a single plant. This plant produces a result. Metaphorically, the wall symbolizes logic, the plant represents physics and the fruit symbolizes ethics. Accordingly, the wall of logic protects physics and ethics. Ethics is the fruit that results from studying physics, which is the cosmic order of things. Ethic... ...erer from sin while stoicism offered man an internal battle against himself. It should deduct as no surprise that Christianity prevailed. Works Cited Alighieri, Dante. The Divine Comedy. Translation and I ntroduction by Mark Musa. New York Penguin, 1995. Barker, Kenneth. The NIV Study Bible. Grand Rapids Zondervan Publishing House, 1995.Clarke, M.L. The Roman Mind. Cambridge Harvard University Press, 1960.Metzger, Bruce M. The Oxford blighter to the Bible. 1993.Murray, Gilbert. Stoic, Christian and Humanist. London C.A. Watts, 1940.Seneca, Lucius Annaeus. Letters From a Stoic. Translation and Introduction by Robin Campbell. New York Penguin, 1969.Stavrianos, L.S. A Global History From Prehistory to the Present. New jersey Prentice Hall, 1988.Wenley, T.M. Stoicism and its Influences. New York Cooper Square Publishers, 1963.

Competitive Analysis - Car Wash Industry Essay -- Business Analysis

IntroductionThe task of this assignment is to complete a competitive analysis of two of the largest competitors in the sedulousness of chosen study. This researchers chosen field is the Car Wash industry. Unlike many industries, the Car Wash industry does not have plethoric players or franchise names that rule across the country. Unlike other rail simple machinemobile related industries such as oil change (Rapid Oil Change), tires and batteries (Goodyear), and auto parts retailers (NAPA), where these types of name players may have thousands of locations throughout the country, there ar no big name players in the Car Wash industry. Although there are companies that own and operate multiple elevator car wash facilities, around of these multi-location owners operate multiple locations throughout a metropolitan or regional area and their general location totals are nominal. Since there is a lack of dominant competitors to analyze, this researcher will focus on an analysis bet ween the two main categories of car wash ownership full service vs. unattended operations. Industry Overview and DescriptionThe Car Wash industry began to start and grow across the U.S. after the decisiveness of World War II. Americas economic rebirth and prosperity created a boom in the housing and automobile industry. What began as a personal line of credit to satisfy Americans love of the automobile has grown over the past several decades into an international industry. From washing ones car in the driveway with a water hose and bucket of soapy water, to the do-it-yourself, unattended coin operated high-pressure wand locations, to todays professional car washing businesses which feature heterogeneous automatic equipment and technological systems to wash cars more safely and effectively than ... ...ion wash bays are a huge competitive take a chance as these gas retailers normally offer discounted car washes with the purchase of gasoline.For the full-service wash model, they too have to be in tune with cheaper and less service options as in challenging economies, their service become more fractious to justify for the consumer who is worried about income. Competitive rivalry, threat of substitution, and threat of new entry are the forces that the full-service model is at most risk with. Poor service reputation and lack of a strong value proposition puts this car wash model at serious risk of substitution. The treat of new entry for both business models can be significant as there are many new innovations in car wash businesses such as mobile wash stations and new and used car dealerships that are adding this business in what has been a very difficult car economy.

Essay example --

Most of Australians are affected by trapping loans. 70% of homeowners buy a house in Australian through the housing mortgage loan. Due to the optimistic attitude of the general public about the economic situation, a lot of people buy houses for renting out to cause stable income. In 2010, the Australian Government authorized the Australian Securities and Investment Commission (ASIC) to regulate exit fees that banks were seeking to impose. The exit fee is the payment that banks withdraw customers to pay for permission to transfer their home loan to another bank, which considers the housing loan being one of the most important factors in exit fees or terminate. In an bind of The Times, it was reported that an exit fee of $5,178 was charged if a loan of $300,000 was borrowed for 25 years and terminated within 3 years (Martin, 2010). Such an expensive exit fee makes high switching cost for the house loan takers, through which the bank may gain food market forces. This article go out discuss the switching costs in Australian home loan market and analyze how these switching costs may increase market forces of suppliers in these markets. In addition, this article tries to find out that after exit fees is changed according to the new regulations, what the changes of supplier cost will be and whether their profits will increase or decrease.Switching costs in Australian home loan market Switching costs was first presented by Michael Porter in 1980, referring to the one-off cost generated in the course of consumers transferring from one provider to another product or service provider. This cost includes not only economy expenses, but to a fault time, energy and emotion, being an important factor of constituting barriers to enterpri... ...lly, the equilibrium is at decimal point A (Q1, P1). With more rivalry and competition between suppliers, S1L shifts to the rights of S2L. The equilibrium point moves from point A to point B (Q2,P2) . As a result, l oans price (interest rates) fall from Q1 to Q2 according to Graph 1. Profit is equal to total revenue of minus cost. darn total revenue is equal to the price multiplied by the quantityprice is decrease.It can be concluded that the Australian government to organize policies to protect the interests of local people through the intervention of good housing loan market. The Australian governments move to provide a variety of options for Australians, they can freely choose, while reducing the financial risks, the government provides loans to low-income persons through banks at below market rates, and they encourage healthy competition wwithin the home loan market.

Hamlet is Not a Coward Essay -- Essays on Shakespeare Hamlet

village is Not a Coward The first seven lines of Hamlets soliloquy in the third scene of the third act grow been the cause of debate for centuries as to what they reveal about Hamlets character. Some say that he has chickened out of the prime opportunity to obtain the revenge that he has been commission to achieve by the ghost of his father. They accuse Hamlet of being a pacifist who hasnt the heart to put his thoughts into action-that he has merely talked himself out of the deed. My interruption of these lines, however, shows that merely the opposite is true. The Prince of Denmark is indeed set upon avenging his fathers death, and rather than backing away from the task at hand, he is going forward in away which is intended to move dishonor to Claudius and maintain his own honor at the same time. Now might I do it pat, now he is praying And now Ill dot. And so a goes to promised land And so am I revengd. that would be scannd A villain kills my father and for that, I, sole s on, do this same villain send To heaven. Why, this is hire and salary, not revenge. --Hamlet III.iii.73-79 Hamlet becomes truly committed to revenging his fathers murder after the Mouse Trap scene in Act II in which the guilt of Claudius is clearly brought forth. His little consort had a two fold effect which spurs Hamlet forward. First of all, by mimicking the exact way in which Claudius killed his brother and married his sister-in-law, Claudius knew that Hamlet was on to him. The blurb effect may or may not feed been intend by Hamlet, but the murderer in his play happened to be the nephew of the king, which may have been interrupted by Claudius as Hamlets future intentions. Both of ... ...ational thought, for had he stopped and thought for a moment, he would have realized that it couldnt possibly have been the King-he had serious left Claudius praying. Revenge is a dangerous game to play as Hamlet well found out. In the end his fathers death is avenged, yet the res publ ica has been lost to Norway - a greater tragedy than the death of all the main characters. Works Cited and Consulted Bloom, Harold. Modern Critical Interpretations Of Hamlet. New York, NY Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. Charney, Maurice. All of Shakespeare. New York, NY. capital of South Carolina University Press. 1993. Evans, Gareth Lloyd. The Upstart Crow-An Intro. to Shakespeares Plays. London, England J.M. Dent & Sons Ltd, 1982. Magill, Frank N. Masterplots. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1995. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Garden City, NY Garden City Books, 1936

Hamlet is Not a Coward Essay -- Essays on Shakespeare Hamlet

Hamlet is Not a Coward The first seven lines of Hamlets soliloquy in the third burst of the third act have been the cause of debate for centuries as to what they reveal about Hamlets character. Some say that he has chickened out of the prime opportunity to check the revenge that he has been commissioned to achieve by the ghost of his father. They accuse Hamlet of being a pacifist who hasnt the heart to put his thoughts into action-that he has merely talked himself out of the deed. My interruption of these lines, however, shows that just the opposite is true. The Prince of Denmark is indeed set upon avenging his fathers death, and rather than backing away from the task at hand, he is going forward in away which is int force outed to bring dishonor to Claudius and maintain his own honor at the same time. Now might I do it pat, now he is praying And now Ill dot. And so a goes to heaven And so am I revengd. that would be scannd A villain kills my father and for that, I, sole son, do this same villain engineer To heaven. Why, this is hire and salary, not revenge. --Hamlet III.iii.73-79 Hamlet becomes truly committed to revenging his fathers murder after the Mouse Trap scene in Act II in which the guilty conscience of Claudius is clearly brought forth. His little hunt down had a two fold effect which spurs Hamlet forward. First of all, by mimicking the exact way in which Claudius killed his brother and espouse his sister-in-law, Claudius knew that Hamlet was on to him. The second effect may or may not have been intend by Hamlet, but the murderer in his play happened to be the nephew of the king, which may have been interrupted by Claudius as Hamlets future intentions. Both of ... ...ational thought, for had he stopped and thought for a moment, he would have know that it couldnt possibly have been the King-he had just left Claudius praying. Revenge is a dangerous game to play as Hamlet well found out. In the end his fathers death is avenged, yet the kingdom has been lost to Norway - a greater tragedy than the death of all the main characters. Works Cited and Consulted Bloom, Harold. Modern Critical Interpretations Of Hamlet. New York, NY Chelsea mob Publishers, 1986. Charney, Maurice. All of Shakespeare. New York, NY. Columbia University Press. 1993. Evans, Gareth Lloyd. The Upstart Crow-An Intro. to Shakespeares Plays. London, England J.M. Dent & Sons Ltd, 1982. Magill, Frank N. Masterplots. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1995. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Garden City, NY Garden City Books, 1936

Protein Article Research

Protein Article look into Sara Langrell December 15, 2011 Nutrition SCI/241 Dr. Venessa Lee Abstract Athletes have been searching for years for a way to reduce the amount of recuperation time between bring in outs. Based on this issue there has been quite a lot of research conducted to find out what force out be make, if anything, to either reduce or eliminate recovery time. One of the theories is to increase protein intake above the daily recommended amount, thereby providing the body with additional amino acids that advertise recovery. Although this seems like the perfect solution, there atomic number 18 some flaws.It would appear that not only do you need additional proteins but an additional source of enkindle to exclusivelyow the proteins to do their job, therefore all in all a balance must be struck. The recovery time needed from an intense work out is a direct result of the lengthening, or even sometimes, tearing of muscles. If the work out is too intense muscles can actually be stultificationd. The damage can be classified into three different categories Type I, Type II and Type III. Type I muscle damage is classified as the tenderness that occurs 24-48 hours after unaccustomed exercise. Type II is classified as an acute disabling pain either from the complete tearing of the muscle and fascia or the disruption of a few fibres with the facia remaining intact. 1 Type III is classified as a cramp or soreness that occurs either during or directly following a workout. 1 Because of these issues, many hours of research have been conducted to try to determine if there is anything that can be done to slow or even eliminate the damage done to the muscle during exercise. When muscles are stretched or damaged proteins are both broken down and synthesized all at the same time. The breakdown is not all bad for the body, as it regulates potentially damaging and dysfunctional proteins. 2 In direct response to the breakdown, the synthesis that occurs would s eem to be good for the body however it can cause an imbalance in muscle proteins. 1 Based on research it has been placed that replacing amino acids during and after exercise helps to balance the protein deficiency and assist in the repair process. Many of the recommended ways to do this is to increase protein intake or possibly opt for an amino acid replacement supplement.Dependent upon the type of exercise you are prone to will determine the type of supplement that would be recommended. Checking with a physician would be the best bet before beginning any type of therapy. Bibliography 1. ) Nosaka, Kazunori PhD, Muscle damage and amino acid supplementation Does it concern recovery from muscle damage? International SportMed Journal, Vo. 8 No. 2, 2007, pp. 54-67 2. ) Phillips SM, Protein requirement and supplementation in strength sports. Nutrition, Vol. 20, 2004, pp. 689-695.Protein Article ResearchAnonymous Dr. Louis Cohen SCI/241 Protein Article Research January 3, 2012 According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, protein is found in every cell in the body. Protein provides our bodies with energy that is ready to be used. After it is digested, it proceeds amino acids. There are 23 amino acids which are very requisite to the body and are needed for the body to function properly. Amino acids are needed in rewrite to build muscle strength. Protein can be found in animal foods, and it can also be found in plant foods.Animal foods such as m downs, cheeses, and dairy products are complete sources of protein, while plant sources are an unelaborated protein source because they are low in at least one of the essential amino acids. Plant sources need to be consumed with a complementary protein source in order to be certain that protein needs are being met. For example, if you eat chicken, that would be a complete source of protein, whereas if you eat rice for a meal, you should add beans to make the protein consumption complete. A few examples of plant sources or an incomplete protein source is as follows corn, tofu, grains, some vegetables and fruits.Because I am a 19 year old woman, I need 46 grams of protein a day. I can easily meet and exceed the amount that is necessary by eating all of my meals in a day and by consuming all otherwise essential nutrients. Although getting just the right amount of protein is healthy for the body, getting too more(prenominal) can be harmful. When people consume too much protein, they increase their risk of weight gain. Also, high protein diets can put a strain on the kidneys because they rid the protein from the railway line, may contribute to cancer because it increase blood levels of IGF-1, and may cause nutritional deficiencies.Just as high protein diets can cause medical illnesses, low protein diets can do the same. A diet with a leave out of protein can cause skin pigmentation, diarrhea, swollen bellies, rashes, and change in texture or color of the hair. Protein is on the bodys esse ntial needs, however, too much or too little of any nutrient that is essential can harm the body. It is vital that people learn the amounts of nutrients their body requires in order to become or remain healthy.

Health vs Wealth

WHICH IS MORE IMPORTANT A Introduction The present civilization is very conspicuously marked by the two words health and riches. We be the inhabitants of this civilization. This world is going on ceaselessly. The course of this world is obvious and non-stop. The above two words convey a signifi atomic number 50t role in our daily life. In comparison to health and wealthiness it is very difficult to decide which one is to a greater extent important. But from my point of view I study health is to a greater extent important at every stage of our ongoing life. Basically there be lot of logic behind both the impressiveness of health and wealth.But I calculate the logic behind health is much reasonable for its impressiveness in our life. I believe this is beca phthisis health is oft taken for granted. Only when aroundone has become flagitious ill do population realize the true importance of their health and the health of their friends and family. Overview on health Health Being physically healthy is of prime importance in life. Being ill or not receiveing well tummy drastically affect your work. Obviously, if you feel physically and mentally healthy, you base be more productive. A person can be said to possess well(p) health when he is free from any sort of physical or mental disease.This then becomes the most priced possession for man and something that heretofore money cant buy. Money can buy you medicines but it cant buy you health just like money can buy you books but it cant buy you knowledge. It has been scientifically proven that being physically active provides a seemingly endless number of overall health benefits to all of us. If we live with health, we probably will be happy and if we brook both health and happiness we arrive at all the wealth we need. Health and intellect are two blessings of life. Happiness lies first of all in health.So, nutrients are directly related with energy and energy is essential for health. In order to achieve and maintain good health there is a certain guide of dos and donts that you have to result some activities. They are having sufficient and nutritious food, doing unbroken exercise, having proper sleeping habit and so on all these habits will result to a good health or a healthy person. Again some bad habits (Such as smoking, drinking, having junk food etc) are forbidden in order to have good health. 0verview on wealth Wealth It is the ability of fully experiencing life.It is true that wealth will not suffer a person good, but there is nobody who wants to be poor, just for being good. And as asa dulcis Franklin says Wealth is not his, that has it, but his that enjoys it. However, there is a tendency of large number of people to run after wealth. They work to gather more and more wealth. In this process they ignore their health. They do not take care in eating food at the right time. In the process of assembly more wealth, they in any case undergo a lot of stress. So m any people spend their health in gaining wealth and then spend their wealth to regain their health.Without wealth it is not possible to have luxurious life. Although luxurious life can not bring happiness in life, most people are willing to have it. Again to have a better and higher education wealth is essential. Though wealth cant make us happy, it is very essential to maintain a modern society and culture. Nowadays people are becoming very stylish. In order to follow modern fashion, style and technology wealth is essential. Above all I can say though wealth helps to maintain society and culture, but it can not make us fit. Health is More Important than WealthTwo things which are always on our mind are Health and Wealth. They are of utmost importance to all of us. Health and Wealth decide the quality of life we lead. If we want to lead a happy life, wealth and health are both important. The present civilization is very conspicuously marked by these two words health and wealth. We a re the inhabitants of this civilization. This world is going on ceaselessly. The course of this world is obvious and non-stop. The above two words convey a significant role in our daily life. In comparison to health and wealth it is very difficult to decide which one is more important.It is very difficult to decide whether health or wealth is more important as both of them have enough logic behind their importance. But as I found more strong logic behind the importance of health my opinion is Health is more and more important than wealth. Thus, it stands to reason that health leads to happiness much more than wealth. Therefore, health is more important than wealth. unknown to happiness Ive noticed that people who are truly content with life are enthusiastic with what they do. This enthusiasm, along with good health, is the key to being happy. It also leads to self confidence and fulfillment in life too.It may also lead to success, wealth, and achievements. money cant buy happiness Sure, there are a lot of people who enjoy earning money, further they might not have much money or not be happy with their money that they already earned. I have a grumpy niggardly friend who fits this description perfectly. I noticed that these types of people have much more satisfaction lecture about how much money they earned, overtime hours collected, or money saved rather than just being happy with their money. As a result, I hark back that the happiness from greed of wealth is very temporary, because greedy people can never have enough money. Health-Precious enthrone of Allah Health is the precious gift of God. However, it is our responsibility to take certain steps to make best use of this gift because a deteriorating body and mind is something that snatches by the charms of life. The charms of life are contained in spite of appearance the perimeters of maintaining good health. We all have seen movies and real live events where people are fighting for immunity. It is however important for us to understand that with freedom comes along with responsibility. When freedom is gained and that responsibility is not undertaken then injustice prevails.Much in the same way you are responsible for your own health. One does have the freedom of survival to live as they want but their physical bodies have rights over them. These rights moldiness be accounted for by the individual if he is wants to be considered as a just person. It is highly naive to place the responsibility of maintaining good health on your doctor. Sure, there are a lot of people who enjoy earning money, yet they might not have much money or not be happy with their money that they already earned. I have a particular greedy friend who fits this description perfectly. I oticed that these types of people have much more satisfaction talking about how much money they earned, overtime hours collected, or money saved rather than just being happy with their money. As a result, I think that the ha ppiness from greed of wealth is very temporary, because greedy people can never have enough money. There are other types of people who are very materialistic. I have several friends that infinitely buy new toys (such as a new car, computer, camera, electronics, etc. ) and lavish entertainment expenses (such as vacations, dinner at expensive restaurants, etc. way more often than their actual needs or long term affordability. These people always appear to thoroughly enjoy their new toys yet continuously have little or no savings. Unfortunately, their new toys quickly become not so new any more, and a new toy is needed to feel temporarily happy again. In actuality, this is more of a distraction from the really important things in life, and not true happiness or contentment. Therefore, money can not buy happiness. True happiness is what people do with their life, their family, their friends, and everyones health.Money is a means to do more and live longer, yet standard is seldom bette r than quality. Depression When serious people concentrate mostly on serious issues that are mostly out of their control, they tend to become more depressed. Decision Making When someone is full of stress, worry, anxiety, and depression, they are less clearheaded to think logically and carefully. Furthermore, these people tend to accomplish less too, since they are so preoccupied. Boredom Serious individuals tend to become more bored with mundane tasks. They prefer to work on more important tasks and solve problems instead.Some precedent ?When you feel ill, you stay in bed. You can soak up up and perform a few essential tasks, but that zaps your energy and slows your recovery time, but if they must be done because no-one is looking after you, then that is how it is. ?Now, if you were a Gangster, losing your health would cost you a lot, unless you were Mafia Boss. ?If you were a ruler of any kind, Queen, Company President, etc. you might get away with it, but you would still be wor rying about some vassal or other toilsome to cheat you, and that be a lot in recovery points too. As a super-productive person, such as one who needs to be physically fit or mentally alert all the time, no health equals no chance. If an athlete became seriously ill, it would be a big blow, if not an end, to his or her career. ?Without our health we are nothing, even normal folks cant work when they are sick, or more importantly cant enjoy life. And their families and friends suffer a lot too that all costs. ?When you are ill, you use up your power points by turning them in them into healing energy. And you use up more points trying to help your loved ones cope with your condition.Or trying to still stay in your game whether that be business, farming, whatever Nobody is happy there is no positive wealth coming in, and things just get heavier and harder (poorer) until you recover. ?The saying is not about catching the odd cold or having flu, but you can see for yourself how zapped y ou become under those conditions. ?It has more to do with serious disease, mental, spiritual and emotional, as well as physical. That is when it makes sense. Conclusion The present civilization is very conspicuously marked by the two words health and wealth. We are the inhabitants of this civilization.This world is going on ceaselessly. The course of this world is obvious and non-stop. The above two words convey a significant role in our daily life. In comparison to health and wealth it is very difficult to decide which one is more important. But from my point of view I think health is more important at every stage of our ongoing life. Basically there are lot of logic behind both the importance of health and wealth. But I think the logic behind health is more reasonable for its importance in our life. In the world we see men who have a lot of wealth but they are not happy.Though they have a luxurious lifestyle but they couldnt have a peaceful and normal life. It is proven that happi ness does not come always through luxury. It is also seen that their wealth has brought luxury but has driven away their happiness. On the other hand a poor man like a beggar or a rickshaw puller or a day labor who has a sound health may be contented and may taste happiness in their life. They are not the knuckle down of wealth rather they remain happy with what ever amount they have earned. They can enjoy a sound sleep at night because they do not have any exces THE END

Havoc During Rainy Season

A few days after ceaseless f wholly lashed the regions in Thane and stranded some localities, the risk of infectious diseases stares large at the residents. With a massive dumping ground right in front of the railways space at Vithalwadi and a sewer flowing in the rear, it seems like an open invitation to the various diseases, which increases manifold during monsoon. Khadegolwadi, which saw knee- deep waters on Friday could not unclog, though the water receded by a few centimetres.As it is a fully grown residential area, people spent their entire day cleaning their homes. Chocked drains, sewers and dumping campaign caused problems in the area. Each time it rains, garbage along with diseases come to our house, said Aarti Bhagwat, a resident. Her neighbour Preeti Pandey added, We all know what sewers and dumping grounds in the region means, malaria, dengue and other water borne diseases.It may be noted that the Thane Municipal Corporation suspended an officer and recommended depar tmental enquiry against the other finding them a prima facia guilty of the problem. Complaining over that, another resident Sarita Kolhapure said, suspending officials is of no use to us, it does not solve our problem. These past few days were miserable for us, what will happen if such rain continues for next couple of months. Similar problems persisted in different localities around the dumping site.Garbage that flew with the rain got scattered all around as the potholed road was filled with dirty water, said Karishma Tiwari, a housewife. City-based doctors warned against the risk of diseases in the rainy season. People with a weak repellent system fall prey to microbes that roam freely in the air during monsoon, said Dr Kishor Gandecha. He added that garbage heaps rot more than usual in rains, which catalyses growth of disease causing virus and bacteria.The best way to avoid disease is to wash hands with soap and drink boiled water, he said. Suggesting other ways to keep diseas es at bay, the doctors said, People should avoid intake of stale or cut food, dont let water stagnate inside or full the homes and stay away from public places if one is suffering with viral fever of disease. They also enumerated signs of disease which include body ache, vomiting, pain in abdomen and untie motions are the first signs of the monsoon maladies. But, there are a number of measures that people can resort to.

Bandura theories social cognition Essay

Albert Banduras social eruditeness theory places acquire in a social context. Bandura and his colleagues take the position that personality is acquired, or intentional behavior. In particular, Banduras insistence that behavior can be learned from mere observation is a significant departure from Skinners behaviourist position. An original empirical demonstration of observational acquisition was presented in a study by Bandura, Ross, and Ross (1993). Nursery school children were allowed to watch an bighearteds ludicrous aggressive actions against an inflated Bobo doll the kind that pops back up after it has been punched or knocked down.The adult models hit the doll with a hammer and kicked it, tossed it in the air, and point sat on it and punched it. After merely observing this behavior, the children were later allowed to play with toys that included the Bobo doll and hammer. The children who observed the adult model, either live or on videotape, hit the doll more frequently th an a cut back group who had not seen a model. They also t terminationed to hit the doll the way they had observed the adult model do it. Bandura interpreted this study as demonstrating that the probability of behavior can be strengthened through observation.Indeed, in Banduras approach to personality, untold of ones behavior is learned and strengthened through imitation, which is a kind of social cognition training. In this term authorship I shroud the difference in the effectiveness of using simulation intervention program based on a Banduras Social tuition theory. Moreover, to find come forth if the program improves either or both the quality and speed of the cultivation process of students enrolled in a highly technical training program. This term paper focuses on using simulation based acquire environments in vocational training program.In this paper, the observational methodology and instruments are described, results and findings presented and finally discussed and c oncluded.METHODOLOGY Doing my search on Banduras Social learning theory in complex simulation-based learning environments, I experienced a large difference in how learners reacted to my learning material (Kluge, in press, 2004). Complex technical simulations involve the placement of the learner into a realistic computer simulated situation or technical scenario which puts control back into the learners hands. The contextual content of simulations allows the learner to learn by doing. Although my primary purpose was in improving research methods and testing procedures for evaluating learning results of simulation-based learning, the different reaction of the participants were so obvious that I took a closer look. I had two different groups participating in my learning experiments students from an engineering incision at the University, mostly in their 3rd semester, and apprentices from vocational training programs in mechanics and electronics of several companies near the Universit y area in their 3rd year of vocational training.Most of the students worked very intensively and concentrated on solving these complex simulation tasks whereas apprentices became easily frustrated and bored. Purposes of the Study Although my first research purpose was not in investigating the differences between these groups, colleagues and practitioners showed their interest and encouraged me to look especially at that difference. Practitioners especially hoped to find explanations why apprentices sometimes are less longing about simulation learning although it is said to be motivating for their perception.As mentioned above, my primary purpose when I started to investigate learning and simulation based on Banduras Social Cognition theories was focused on improving the research methodology and test material (see Kluge, in press, 2004) for experimenting with simulation-based learning environments. But observing the subjects reactions to the learning and testing material the questio n arose whether there might be a difference in the quality of and speed of the learning process of students involved in my study.Research Design A 3-factor 2 ? 2 ? 2 factorial control-group-design was performed (factor 1 Simulation complexity ColorSim 5 vs ColorSim 7 factor 2 protrude method GES vs. DI-GES factor 3 target group, see Table 2). Two hundred and fifteen mostly male students (16% female) in eight groups (separated into four experimental and four control groups) participated in the main study.The control group served as a treatment check for the learning phase and to demonstrate whether subjects acquired any association within the learning-phase. While the experimental groups filled in the knowledge test at the end of the experiment (after the learning and the transfer tasks), the control groups filled in the knowledge test at present after the learning phase. I did not want to give the knowledge test to the experimental group after the learning phase because of its se nsitivity to testing-effects.I assumed that learners who did not acquire the relevant knowledge in the learning phase could acquire useful knowledge by taking the knowledge test, which could have led to a better transfer performance which is not due to the learning method but caused by learning from taking the knowledge test. The procedure subjects had to follow included a learning phase in which they explored the structure of the simulation aiming at knowledge acquisition.After the learning phase, subjects first had to fill in the four-item questionnaire on self-efficacy before they performed 18 transfer tasks. The transfer tasks were separated into two blocks (consisting of nine control tasks each) by a 30-minute break. In four experimental groups (EG), 117 students and apprentices performed the learning phase (28 female participants), the 18 control tasks and the knowledge test. As said before, the knowledge test was applied at the end because of its sensitivity to additional lea rning effects caused by filling in the knowledge test.In four control groups (CG), 98 students and apprentices performed the knowledge test directly after the learning phase, without working on the transfer task (four female participants). The EGs took about 2-2. 5 hours and the CG about 1. 5 hours to finish the experiment. Both groups (EGs and CGs) were asked to take notes during the learning phase. Subjects were randomly assigned to the EGs and CGs, nonetheless ensuring that the same number of students and apprentices were in each group.

Introduction to Criminal Justice Essay

This definition of a crime comes from (Merriam-Webster On-line Dictionary) and reads Crime an suffice or the commission of an act that is forbidden or the omission of a duty that is commanded by a public law and that makes the offender liable to penalisation by that law especially a gross violation of the law. There are several definitions of crime, but there all consistent for the al just about part. People who commit crimes are held to cause for the crimes they are accused of.For this, we must(prenominal) have a judicial system in place that is fair and residuumd. Although the individual accused of committing the crime is sometimes judged before hes even gone to court, he must be allowed certain rights and due process. Those rights must non be violated precedent to a trial. Its this system that makes American what we are. Sometimes there are cocktail dresss that make us feel that the person existence tried should just be executed or sent to jail, because the media has b asically tried and convicted the person prior to trial.This was evident in the Casey Anthony murder trial. Most Americans and the media had convicted her prior to trial. She was found not guilty earlier today by twelve jurors. Is the system fair? Who knows, but this is the reason, lots of people believe there should be professional jurors for high profile cases like this. On the other hand our judicial system has been around for a long time and delivers in most cases a fair system of government that protects the innocent, the victims and the accused.Of course all parties involved dont feel this way based on where youre at during the judicial process, but its a system thats fair to all parties. The system is overseen by federal systems that try to keep order and balance throughout the country. Without any of this we would be a country with no law and order. Vigilantes would run the streets creating their own laws and chaos would prevail. The three components of the brutal justice sy stem are The Police, The Criminal Courts and The Correctional Institutions.Each one of these components has a very specific function and go hand in hand with one another. For example if a person is hold oned by a police bureaur for a residential burglary, there is a series of events that happen on the law enforcement side, before the fly-by-night goes to court and before he becomes a part of the correctional institutions. .Once an officer confirms a crime has been affiliated, he must place the person under arrest and show there was probable cause to arrest the person.This information goes into a Probable Cause statement thats submitted during the booking process. If the suspect is questioned he must be advised of his Miranda rights by the law enforcement officer. Evidence must be collected to prove the crime was committed and the person being charged committed the crime. The suspect is then transported to the county jail for booking. The officer must then document the incident i n a police report and be able to speak the elements of the crime have been fulfilled.The evidence must be booked and the police report must then be submitted to the District Attorneys office within a 48 hour time frame before the suspect is arraigned in court. If any of this fails to happen the courts could release the suspect under penal Code 825. The case can still be submitted to the District Attorneys office, but it leave be filled out of custody. If this process has been entire correctly the criminal courts takes over their function. Once the suspect goes to court for his first appearance he is advised of his charges and the probable cause is confirmed by the courts.During this strain the report and evidence collected are examined by the defense counsel to see if the suspect has a chance of winning the case. If the defense attorney feels that his guest may lose the case based off of the evidence presented he may be allowed to plea bargain in which the suspect could plead t o a lesser crime or admit guilt to the crime he is accused of. There are several things that determine if this allowed to happen, to include the suspects past criminal history and the seriousness of the crime.If the courts feel there is enough probable cause and the suspects rights have not been violated, the suspect will be held to answer to the charges brought against him. Otherwise the suspect could be let free based on the lack of probable cause, lack of physical evidence or the suspects rights being violated during the arrest or questioning process. If the suspect is held to answer he will then go to an arraignment. Once there he will plead either not guilty, guilty, or no contest. If a person pleads not guilty he is set for pre-trial at which time his case is handled by the persons lawyer.If need be the case goes to trial where he is judged by twelve of his peers or the person pleads to a lesser charge and the case is closed prior to the trial. If a trial takes place and the p erson is found guilty he will be sentenced by the judge based on the crimes committed. This can be immediately or shortly after the trial. If the suspect is sentenced to prison he then becomes a part of the correctional institution. After sentencing he is usually turned over immediately to the custody of the sheriffs department while awaiting transportation to prison.

Science and Technology in Novels

Attitudes on Science and Technology in Novels Three novels that were written in three completely variant times whole were adequate to(p) to make for to different views and attitudes towards accomplishment and technology. The Strange fictional character of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, The Time Machine, and Fahrenheit(postnominal) 451 are tot ally accurate portrayals of the effect that science and technology gather in had on this earthly concern even as cold back as 1886 when The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was first published.Although each book was written for different purposes and in different times, they all had mainly positivistic attitudes that were able to portray what the author thought science and technology would be like as the future progressed. In The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, it seemed that Robert Louis Stevenson had a positive attitude with a negative twist towards science and technological advances throughout the book. This book is ultim ately about a scientific potion that affects a man, Dr. Jekyll.By having a positive attitude with a negative twist, it is meant that it showing advances in science, only when it has negative consequences. Although this book was written so long before our time, the emotions towards scientific advances were there. On page 62 of this book in Dr. Jekylls dictation of the case, he states that From an early date, even before the course of my scientific discoveries had begun to suggest the approximately naked possibility of such a miracle, I had learned to dwell with pleasure, as a beloved daydream, on the thought of the separation of these elements.If each, I told myself, could be house in separate identities, life would be relieved of all that was unbearable. Dr. Jekyll shows that he dwelled with pleasure, which signifies a neutral type of attitude that the author portrays. The positivity of the science of his potion was that he was able to do something that no one else had. The nega tivity was the consequences of the evil in Mr. Hyde and the suicide that ended it all. The Time Machine by H. G. Wells had both(prenominal) the aspect of science and technology. H.G. Wells had a very positive attitude, seeing as this book was solely about time traveling and being able to find the scientific needs to build a time machine. A quote on page 43 of this book stated To sit among all those unknown things before a puzzle like that is hopeless. That way lies monomania. Face this world. Learn its ways, watch it, be careful of too hasty guesses at its meaning. In the end you will find clues to it all. This quote clearly shows a positive attitude towards science and technology.The time traveler is in an unknown place and therefore, feels hopeless, but he knows that there will be identifiers on how to proceed. The time traveler uses his needs of technology and science, but knows that there is more to the future world of Eloi than only if those aspects because they get along ve ry well without everything being scientific and technological. Fahrenheit 451 is set in the twenty-fourth century, which would be in the year 2300. Throughout Fahrenheit 451 there are references to technology and science that seem rather odd to us living in the ordinal century.If this twenty-fourth century world was compared to the twenty-first century of today, they would be considered antonymous to each other. Firefighters in our time do just as their name says, they fight fires. Watching television system does not step in our families and learning about history is crucial to our lives. In Guy Montags world, this is all considered defiant. The one similarity between our two worlds is that of technology. The technology is very different than that of ours, but there is technology, and that is one thing that cannot be compared to the past.Ray Bradbury seems to use technology as a scape goat for his characters so that they are not worn to books and to create an image of what life w ould be like without books or history. This gears his attitude in a more positive perspective towards technology. His use of parlor walls was a way for his characters to disengage from reality and to do and be whoever they wanted to be. Parlor walls were used as a whole room and basically an interactive television set where you could put yourself in the scene.While reading this book, one might say that Bradbury was trying to show the role that books play in reality thus far and that without them, our lives would only involve technology and less knowledge and social instances. In Fahrenheit 451 on page 63, there is a conversation about the statement that books arent real and the role of the parlor walls. This conversation occurs between the main character, Guy Montag, and Professor Faber, who believes in the necessities that books give. It becomes and is the truth. Books can be beaten down with reason.But with all my knowledge and skepticism, I have never been able to argue with a on e-hundred-piece symphony orchestra, full color, three dimensions, and being in and part of those incredible parlors. As you can see, my parlor is nothing but four plaster walls. Professor Faber is one of the few that does not engage in using the parlor walls. With more or less people gaining their knowledge from these parlor wall interactive shows, there is no room to see real truth in what a book is. Faber is likewise one of the few that has knowledge and admits to this knowledge, noting that he is skeptic of this technological universe that he is living in.The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, The Time Machine, and Fahrenheit 451 all were positive portrayals of author attitudes on science and technology. Although there were some neutral or negative aspects in each novel, the main attitude was positive. The future always seems to have a higher capacity for science and technology and seems to have been viewed as a positive attribute to all three authors. Science and techno logy breed to have positive impacts on the attitudes of authors when it comes to novels in this time.

Impact of Terrorism and Violence on Global Tourism

Introduction According to World Travel and tourism Council 1997, Tourism Industry is the worlds prominent industries contributing $3. 6 jillion to the global gross domestic product (GDP) and employing 255 million mint. (Apostolopoulos, Sonmez &Tarlow 1999). It is too considered one of the most exciting and progressive industries which has a big impact on all another(prenominal) industries. Although touristry sedulousness has shown tremendous growth in recent years providing incredible experiences to its consumers yet it remains highly prone to innate (e. g.Tsunami, Hurricane & volcanic eruptions) and human caused calamities (e. g. war, crime & terrorism). This essay therefore discusses to the highest degree terrorism in relation to touristry. It focuses on the impacts of terrorism on global touristry and provides an catch of the relationship among political instability, terrorism and tourism. Tourism, semipolitical Instability and Violence Definition of terrorism ?The US Department of State defines terrorism as . . . premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against civilians and unarmed military personnel by sub national groups sually intended to influence an audience? (Sihmez 1998) Definition of political instability ?political instability describes the condition of a country where a judicature has been toppled, or is controlled by factions following a coup, or where basic functional pre-requisites for social- found control and sustenance ar unstable and periodically disrupted? (Cook 1990, cited in Sihmez 1998). The theatre of DAmore & Anuza 1986 states that, Closer scrutiny of terrorism- for the purpose of understanding some(a) of its underlying currents-begs a port at world conditions.As a new millennium is about to begin, nations wrestle with hunger, disease, and numerous other socioeconomic and environmental problems, which be further exacerbated by the alarming growth in the worlds population rate, the combination of wh ich may nurture terrorism. It is suggested that terrorist organizations can easily recruit members by offering erupt conditions to people living in undesirable circumstances in undeveloped nations. Therefore, in a situation where terrorism is on rise, arctic and stability be the two factors that cannot be ignored while undertaking impress to other countries.Over the years, tourism labor has undergone tremendous changes wherein crime and violence choose change magnitude to a great extent. Such exertions have had a big impact on tourists altering their travel. Political instability can be categorised into various forms such as international war, riots, social unrest, civil war, terrorism etc. Most of the evidence on tourist motivations points to fear and insecurity as a major barrier to travel and thus a limitation on the growth of the industry.In addition to the openly stated fear there is oft meters an expression of lack of interest in travel, which can mask an underlying f ear. In these circumstances, the possibility of terrorism, however remote, will have an effect on the tourism demand of a large number of potential tourists. (eds Mansfeld & Pizam1996) Political instability and tourism can be best explained with an causa of crackdown by Chinese government on students who protested in Beijings Tiananmen SquareIn a volume edited by Mansfeld & Pizam (1996), The sight of tanks rolling into the Square the violent battles betwixt students and troops the steadfastly uncompromising attitude of Chinese authorities it was all watched by the world on prime-time television. And most people living in disembarrass societies felt revulsion and anger those planning holidays to China cancelled, while those with a vague notion of visiting the country put it on hold for the outback(a) future- if ever General impacts of terrorism and political disturbances upon the tourism industry Even its demonstrated economic success does not shield international tourism from t he ignominious power of terrorism (Sonmez, Sevil F. , 1998). No country is safe from the threat of terrorism and research has shown that no part of the world has been spared by it. The fear of a tout ensemble unexpected terrorist attack grips the mind of todays tourist, irrespective of region he is travelling to. Terrorism started to take its toll on tourism from mid(prenominal) 80s, when international tourism was at its peak (Sonmez, Sevil F. 1998), and it became a major concern for some(prenominal) countries. Its impacts vary from direct to indirect and individual to global. Usually, afterwards a terrorist attack or violence erupted ascribable to political clashes, a polish recovers back to its normal inflow of tourists in about a quarter, but some major incidents can also affect tourist visitation for a longer period of time, the reason being over popularity by the media (Sihmez, 1998).For example, India was overexposed in the media after the Mumbai attacks in November 2008 which has had a negative effect on inbound tourism to India during the first quarter of 2009 (Tourism Forecasting Committee, 2008). Political disturbance, on the other hand, has long-term and deeper make on a speech as it threatens the economy, the law and the society as a whole, thus jeopardizing the potential of a country as a tourism destination (Sihmez 1998). Economic impacts Terrorism and political turmoil mainly affect the economy of a country or a region.Worst hit are the countries, which are majorly dependent on the tourism industry. A good example can be given from 1986, when 54% of Americans who planned to go to europium, cancelled their bookings because of the risks implied by the rise of terrorist activities during that period (DAmore and Anuza 1986, cited in Sihmez 1998). Furthermore, countries located nearby a politically agitated country may suffer from a perceived lack of safety by tourists who associate the neighbouring countries due to geographical proximity, a lthough travelling in the former may be without any risk.Countries often have to bear the costs of terrorism, in terms of investments in security, terrorism risk insurance premium, airport screening opportunity costs and consumer welfare losses to ensure safety and security for their people (Keefer P. , 2008). Psychological impacts Impacts of terrorism on tourist behaviour and decision-making process (Sihmez, 1998 pg. 13) however, depend on the type of tourists business travellers and leisure travellers will not react the identical way in regards to risk, as they do not have the same motivations and needs for travel.Image deterioration / Negative images Natural accompaniments such as floods, tsunami or earthquakes do not have the same impact on a countrys image as a terrorist attack has. Natural calamities may draw sympathy, and may affect inflow of tourists for a short period, but people know that natural disasters are unavoidable, so the image they form of a destination is diffe rent. Fall in tourist arrivals in these destinations may recover earlier because these destinations are not perceived as unsafe, as in case of a destination, where terrorist activity is prominent.Politically unstable environment of a destination usually has a negative and a much stronger impact on peoples mind over a longer period of time because human action is deliberate and physical injury is most of the time the aim of these actions. Examples and focus on a particular region or destination There are a lot of tourist destinations which suffer from terrorist attacks. Egypt which had around 4 billion dollars in tourist receipts in 1999 depended a lot on the tourism revenue. However, the revenue from this sector of economy decreased due to the terrorist attacks by al-Gamaa al-Islamiya.The first attack occurred on October 1, 1992. One British tourist was killed and two others were wounded. During the five year period about 100 tourists were killed in the attacks including the touris ts from Germany, Greece, Switzerland, Japan and Great Britain. One year after the first attack tourism revenue in Egypt felt by 11 part. However, it increased by four percent in 1994 and by 34 percent in 1995. Moreover, net increase in tourist receipts between 1993 and 1997 was 93 percent (Essner, 2003). The Egyptian government managed to sustain its tourism sector and contribute to the GSP by 5% (Weaver).The factors of this success are the huge historic and cultural heritage of Egypt that keeps tipple international visitors, but also incentive measures taken by the industry in order to sustain inbound tourism. For instance, the national airline, EgyptAir, cut its airfares by 50% after the 1997 Luxor massacre of 58 tourists (Weaver). Event in New York City and Washington D. C. on September 11, 2001 was one of the most significant terrorism attacks which occurred recently. This event influenced the economies of states which depended on the tourism industry a lot.Furthermore, the wh ole economy of the USA was demolished which led to the global economic slump (Pizam, 2002). Certain sectors of the tourism industry suffered from the terrorist attack. Hotel occupancy rates decreased dramatically. It plummeted to 41. 8 percent the week following the attacks, a 52-percent decrease from the same period in 2000 (Stafford et al, 2002). In total, 3016 people died including passengers and cabal on the planes, people within or beneath the Twin Towers and on the ground at the Pentagon. This attack has certain impacts on travel and tourism industry in the USA. shelter measures at the places where large number of people including tourists are likely to gather were reconsidered. The number of US National guards in the airports increased and other security measures in the airports such as better screening and checking of passengers and baggage technologies were introduced. security department measures were improved in seaports, bus stations and train station as well. It inclu ded increase of the surveillance cameras and checkpoints. The number of security guards in these places grew up as well.Moreover, the Federal Aviation Administration set up the program of increasing the number of bomb-sniffing dogs. The FAA trained 175 dogs for 39 airports (Goodrich, 2002). legion(predicate) other countries which have high rates in tourism receipts also suffered from the terrorist attacks. Establishing of an Islamic Palestinian State in place of Israel resulted in the attacks initiated by both Israelis and Palestinians. This disturbance led to dramatic drop in 1996 in the number of tourists which grew steadily between 1970 and 1994 (Sihmez Sevil F. 1998). Another example of suffering from terrorism attack is Peru.Attacks by the Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path), a Maoist terrorist group caused the decrease in number of tourists from 350,000 in 1989 to 33,000 in 1991 (Sihmez Sevil F. 1998). word of mouth and previous experience Media Reporting & Image making Intergov ernmental relationsGovernment policies and interests Figure 1 Political instability, violence and the imaging process Hall &OSullivan study (cited in Mansfeld & Pizam 1996) The above figure is a model of various factors that lead to image creation of the political stability of the destination region.Three factors word of mouth, media and the government lead to the images creation of destination, in the tourist generating regions. Domestic tourism is equally affected by the occurrence of any kind of violence or terrorist activity. Many factors such as promotion, tourist attractions, development, new routes, travel prices contribute in to reasonable changes in domestic as well as international tourism. As per the study of Bar-on (cited in Mansfeld and Pizam 1996), act of violence can affect tourism in following ways Tourists may fear being killed or injured. Security checks, especially at airports, may take a long time and even be unpleasant for some tourists. Tour operators, travel agents and airlines may not want to risk organizing trips to specific regions. Travel insurance of tourists and airlines may be difficult, limited or expensive. Friends or relatives at the destination may advice against the proposed trip. This is also support by Hall and O Sullivan study (cited in Mansfeld & Pizam 1996) which states that, . . . tourism may decline precipitously when political conditions appear unsettled. Tourists simply choose alternative destinations.Unfortunately, many national leaders and planners either do not understand or will not accept the fact that political serenity, not scenic or cultural attractions, constitute the first and central requirement of tourism. Although, political violence may not last for a longer period yet it has the course to leave a formidable impact on the tourism industry for many years which further can affect the confidence of the tourists and also the investors in tourism industry. Crisis management and recovery methods employ ed by the tourism industry Tourism has been a way for under-developed and developing countries to get more revenue.Therefore tourists are a potential target for terrorist groups looking to destabilise and undermine these countries by cutting the revenue they get from tourism activities. Recent events such as 9/11, the Southeast Asian tsunami and the Bali bombings have had devastating consequences upon the tourism industry and have shown crisis management and recovery measures have become critical in managing a destination (Robson 2008). According to Santana (cited in Weber 1998), crisis management comprehends five steps signal detection, preparation/prevention, containment/damage limitation, recovery and learning.Planning and training before, during and after the crisis have also been highlighted (Santana, cited in Weber 1998). On the one hand, research has shown the tourism industry was able to fully recover from terrorist assaults in a period of six to dozen months, at the condit ion these events were not repeated in the future (Pizam and Fleischer, cited in Arana 2008). However, appropriate management methods must be employed and applied by destination managers in order to ensure image destination rehabilitation.To this end, the management and coordination of human and financial resources as well as humanity relations through the media for example are critical when it comes to managing terrorist events at a destination (Stafford et al 2002). For instance, a set of recommendations compiling crisis management, preventive management and recovery methods through marketing could be useful for the tourism industry to restore a destinations image (Sonmez 1998) and prevent any negative human beingsity from spreading (Stafford et al 2002).Furthermore, collaboration between tourism industry actors and government organisations can often be preventive and subside the impacts of the crisis (Stafford et al. 2002). In terms of preventive and recovery methods, tourism d estinations should assist the use of information for topical anaesthetics and visitors (Weber 1998) in order to ensure their own safety, for example by signalling any suspicious piece of luggage in a public space through the use of official signs posted in public areas such as airports, railway stations and stadiums.The role of advertising and education as recovery methods is also of importance. For example, the Vigipirate Plan was put in place by the French government in 1991 after several terrorist attacks took place in Europe in the nineties. It is made up of 4 levels of emergency (yellow, orange, red and purple) and has been greatly drived in France at the local administration levels as well as to the general public, especially after massive terrorist attacks such as the March 2004 Madrid attacks and the July 2005 London bombings.Furthermore, government initiatives such as the Australian travel advisory (smartraveller. gov. au) which issues travel recommendations to destinati ons presenting a certain degree of risk is a preventive way to avoid any accidental or dangerous event. For example, the Australian Government gives tips about Cyprus in terms of safety and security in both the Cypriot and Turkish part of the island, as well as details about local laws, entry and exit requirements and health issues (Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2009).On the other hand, tourism may be a way to enhance peace, mitigate tensions between countries and recover from any negative effects of terrorism. An example of this is given by the situation between North and South Korea (Kim 2007). Research was conducted in order to evaluate the reactions of South Koreans after visiting a natural site, Mt Gumgang, an emerging tourist destination located in North Korea. The findings suggested that South Korean visitors to North Korea had a better image of the country and the people after their tourist trip, although both countries have technically been at war for decades (Kim 2007).To conclude, tourist destinations have the possibility to prevent terrorism actions from happening or mitigate their effects through combined policies of crisis management involving different participants such as governments and private/public tourism bodies. Nevertheless, although tourism is often a victim of terrorism and political disturbances, it can also be used as a tool to promote and enhance peace between countries affected by political tensions. References Adams, S. 2004, All the Troubles Terrorism, War and the World after 9/11, Simon Adams, Australia Arana J. , 2008, The impact of terrorism on tourism demand,Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 299315. Apostolopolous Y. , Sonmez S. & Tarlow P. 1999, Tourism In Crisis Managing the Effects of Tourism, Journal of Travel Research, Vol. 38, No. 1, viewed 17 whitethorn, http//jtr. sagepub. com. ezproxy. lib. uts. edu. au/cgi/content/abstract/38/1/13 Bar-On R. , Measuring the effects on tourism of violence and o f promotion following violent acts, in Mansfeld Y. & Pizam A (eds), Tourism, crime and International Security Issues, joke Wiley & Sons Ltd. , pp. 159-160 Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2009, last viewed May 17th 2009, http//www. smartraveller. gov. au/Essner J. 2003, Terrorisms Impact on Tourism What the Industry May Learn from Egypts Struggle with al-Gamaa al-Islamiya, viewed on May 15,2009, http//sand. miis. edu/research/student_research/Essner_Tourist%20Terrorism. pdf Hall C. & O Sullivan V. , Tourism, political instability and violence, in Mansfeld Y. & Pizam A (eds), Tourism, Crime and International Security Issues, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. , pp. 105-114 Kim S. , 2007, Using tourism to promote peace on the Korean peninsula, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 291309. Mansfeld Y. & Pizam A. , Conclusions and Recommendations, Tourism, Crime andInternational Security Issues, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. , pp. 311-312 Mueller J. 2007, Reacting to Terrorism Probabili ties, Consequences and the persistence of Fear, Ohio State University, viewed 17 May, http//scholar. google. com. ezproxy. lib. uts. edu. au/scholar? hl=en&lr=&q=REACTING+TO+TERRORISM%3A+PROBABILITIES%2C+CONSEQUENCES%2C+AND+THE+PERSISTENCE+OF+FEAR&btnG=Search Pizam A. 2002, Tourism and Terrorism, cordial reception Management, Vol. 21, No 13 Robson, L. , 2008, Crisis Management in Tourism, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 600601. Sihmez Sevil F. 1998, Tourism, Terrorism and PoliticalInstability, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 25, No. 2. Sonmez, S. F. 1998, Tourism, Terrorism and Political Instability, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 25, No. 2. Stafford, G. Et al, 2002, Crisis Management and Recovery, Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly 27, Cornell University Tourism Forecasting Committee, 2008, Forecast 2008, Issue 2, Tourism Forecasting Committee, Canberra, pp 91-92 Weaver D. , Tourism Management, 2000 Weber, S. 1998, War, Terrorism and Tourism, Annals of Tourism Research, Volume 25, Issue 3, Pages 760-763 Tourists Destination Region Generating Region Media Government

The Buddhist Architecture

The Buddhist computer architecture has a lot of history that comes along with the culture, India is known for being the center of Buddhism as well as the highlight Buddha teachings. Different component parts of Buddha life is in unflurrieded in the architecture. According to The Buddhist Architecture (2007), Caves or grottoes atomic number 18 the oldest form of the Buddhist architecture. They be also known as the rock-cut monasteries, which were hewn from the cliffs and rock walls of the valleys. In India, the nearly significant cave is Junta caves, near modern Arranged, Maharajahs. (Para. Two and Four).The caves had played a large part in the history of Buddhist architecture it was more than Just a building or heretofore up a simple rock. According to The Buddhist Architecture (2007), Pagodas are the principle form of Buddhist architecture, which are used as religious multistory Buddhist towers, erected as a memorial or shrine. The nigh important factor was Consciousness, wh ich is the ultimate reality. (Para. Two and Four). There are various buildings associated with organized religion, but the one that came come to the fore at the most in my search was, Amphibian tabernacle, this place is known or being a place where Buddha obtained inspiration and enlightenment.There were other temples in China called, Ethane Temple, Lama Temple, and Gangue Temple these temples hold a lot of education surrounding Buddhism and what it represents, it is an important place to be visited while in China. The Elder (2008) website Numerous churches, monasteries, convents and shrines show sites connected with the earliest years of Christianity, and the life and ministry of Jesus and his disciples. The design of these constructions was touch as much by the religious traditions of the individual Christian community.Christianity was instilled in the buildings such as churches, even from the rooftop the column of a church. Plans. ?Many Early Christians shadowed the basilicas model for their new churches (up. 198, 206) and may also vex used old Roman halls, baths, dwelling- houses, and even pagan temples as places of worship. Walls. ?These were still constructed according to Roman methods of using rubble or concrete, faced with plaster, brick, or stone (p. 210 B). Mosaic design was added internally (p. 21 1), and sometimes also externally on west facades though little regard was paid to external architectural effect (p. 09). (Early Christian Architecture Comparative Analysis, 1921). The walls expressed certain parts of the religion was alters, roofs and openings in a church. Some names of the buildings surrounding this architecture were, The church service of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem and The Church at Gal. Loused. Islamic architecture and art pieces were in different areas that Islam either dominated or still remains dominant while still embodying Muslim precepts in its themes. The earliest architectural monument of Islam is the dome of the Rock Jubbah al-Sahara) in Jerusalem, created in 691-92.Some Muslims believe it to be the area from which Muhammad rose to heaven. It has mosaics depicting scrolling vines and flowers, Jewels, and crowns in greens, blues, and gold. homogeneous in some aspects is the later Great Mosque of Damascus (built c. 705-14) the culture of Islamic Spain reached its apogee in Moorish art and architecture. The Mud Carlyle of Spain employed through the 18th cent. And, important until much later in time, is founded on this architecture. (Islamic Art And Architecture 2012).

Problem solving Essay

Issue 7 All nations should help support the increment of a orbiculate university designed to engage students in the process of solving the worlds nigh persistent tender lines. I agree that it would serve the interests of entirely nations to establish a global university for the direct of solving the worlds approximately persistent social problems. Nevertheless, such a university poses certain risks which all participating nations must be cargonful to minimizeor risk defeating the universitys purpose.One cause argument in favor of a global university has to do with the fact that its faculty and students would bring various(a) cultural and educational perspectives to the problems they seek to solve. It seems to me that nations can only benefit from a global university where students learn slipway in which other nations address certain soda problems-successfully or not. It susceptibility be tempting to think that an excessively diversified academic community would imped e communication among students and faculty.However, in my view any such concerns are unwarranted, especially considering the growing awareness of other peoples and cultures which the mass media, and especially the Internet, have created. Moreover, many basic principles use to solve enduring social problems k at one time no national boundaries thus a useful sharpness or discovery can come from a searcher or student from any nation. some other compelling argument for a global university involves the increasingly global nature of certain problems.Consider, for instance, the depletion of atmospheric ozone, which has wanned the globe to the point that it threatens the very survival of the human species. Also, we are now learning that dear-cutting the worlds rainforests can set into motion a chain of animal extinction that threatens the delicate balance upon which all animalsincluding humanitydepend. Also consider that a financial crisisor a political crisis or natural misadventure in one country can spell trouble for foreign companies, many of which are now multinational in that they rely on the labor forces, equipment, and raw materials of other nations.Environmental, economic, and political problems such as these all carry grave social consequencesincreased crime, unemployment, insurrection, hunger, and so forth. Solving these problems requires global cooperationwhich a global university can facilitate. Notwithstanding the foregoing reasons why a global university would help solve many of our most pressing social problems, the establishment of such a university poses certain problems of its throw which must be address in order that the university can achieve its objectives.First, participant nations would need to overcome a myriad of administrative and political impediments. All nations would need to agree on which problems demand the universitys attention and resources, which areas of academic research are worthwhile, as well as agreeing on policies and p rocedures for making, enforcing, and amending these decisions. Query whether a functional global university is politically feasible, wedded that sovereign nations naturally wish to advance their own agendas.A second problem inherent in establishing a global university involves the risk that certain intellectual and research avenues would become officially clear while others of equal or greater potential value would be discouraged, or perhaps horizontal proscribed. A telling example of the inherent danger of setting and enforcing official research priorities involves the Soviet administrations attempts during the 1920s to not only control the direction and the goals of its scientists research but also to gouge the outcome of that researchostensibly for the greatest good of the greatest number of people.Not surprisingly, during this time finale no significant scientific advances occurred under the auspices of the Soviet government. The Soviet lesson provides an important caveat to administrators of a global university Significant progress in solving pressing social problems requires an open mind to all sound ideas, approaches, and theoriesrespective of the ideologies of their proponents.A final problem with a global university is that the worlds superior intellectual talent might be drawn to the sorts of problems to which the university is charged with solving, while parochial social problem go unsolved. While this is not reason enough not to establish a global university, it even is a concern that university administrators and participant nations must be aware of in allocating resources and intellectual talent. To sum up, given the increasingly global nature or the worlds social problems, and the escalating costs of addressing these problems, a global university makes good sense.And, since all nations would have a common interest in seeing this endeavor succeed, my intuition is that participating nations would be able to overcome whatever procedural a nd political obstacles that might stand in the way of success. As long as each nation is careful not to neglect its own unique social problems, and as long as the universitys administrators are careful to remain broad-minded about the legitimacy and potential value of various avenues of intellectual inquiry and research, a global university might go a long way toward solving many of the worlds pressing social problems.

Canadian Solar Essay

However, with the global economic downturn in the recent years as well as changes in the politics incentives in certain countries, the company has been struggling to stay on top in this competitive market, and needs to keep a competitive advantage against companies such as Sharp and Kyocera. This is a big problem to the company since it threatens their strategy and might put them out of competition. Which brings us to the question What should Canadian Solar do to best compete in the increasingly global photovoltaic industry? compend External Analysis General Environment Most of the general aspects influence the PV industry relies on government incentive programs. Programs for green energy such as the FIT program, has a positive effect on the industry since it guarantees rates on certain projects. Other government laws such as the placement of a cap can have a negative effect on the industry. Therefore, since income levels vary for every country, this testament affect the usage of P V technology.Moreover, society has a desire to go green and they highly value PV technology, although the execution of instrument of PV technology can cause society financial harm such as in Spain, where the out of the blue(predicate) installations caused taxpayers $26. 4 billion. Threat of new Entrants Barriers to entry are considered low since the PV industry requires low capital and metier to low technological knowledge to make PV module. The low barriers to entry are also due to

Article on Statue of Liberty Awaits and Analysis

Statue of Liberty Impatiently Awaits Repairs On November 30 2012, New Yorks, Statue of Liberty, was brutally disturbed by M different Nature powerful waves, Sandy. Hurricane Sandy has made an impact on the grounds of The Statue of liberty worth about $56 Million. About 75% of the island flooded, damaging the island, but the statue itself emerged unscathed. Up till today, the New York screen landmark still remains closed as workers repair the damage wreaked on Liberty Island.With coin being tight for the repairs there will be little amounts left for the repairing damages of the retail stores and other commercials on the island. Not only did the president of the Statue lose a great deal of money, but so did the market, retail and concession owners as their business literally goes down the drain. With furious tourist along with this contingency concludes to the question of, when will New Yorks Statue of Liberty reopen? Analysis The main focus of the article is the reopening concern of, The Statue of Liberty.This article clearly demonstrates a global interaction among tourism. Many tourists are furious and extremely disappointed that they will have to further wait till the release date for the reopening of Liberty Island. However, this occurrent does affect many Canadians -Canada, being a French/English country acquires many tourists that love tour the beautiful gift from the French to the Americans, Ms. Liberty. Though, this does not only affect Canadian tourists but all tourists who press to see the beautiful Statue of Liberty, presently. ?

Effects on Divorce on Children Essay

How incessantly some mint think that its an easy process to get a dissever two separate roperties and sign language papers may seem like an easy task some however there ar major problems arouse arise from the divorce like who is going to keep the timeshare in Aspen. But star vital issue arises with the presence of children and how it will affect them in the long run studies apprise that children that go through divorce express signs of distress for example acting out in shoal.Divorce is bonny as hard on the children as it is the adults and if they overlook this their children might be affected for even days to come showing concern for this might prevent this. More than half of all divorces involve children infra the age of 18. Divorce does not only affect the husband and wife, but now more(prenominal)(prenominal) than than ever their children get mixed up in the, sometimes ugly, process of divorce. A vital question every parent should consider is will divorce have effec ts on children and is staying together for the sake of their social welfare the best resolution, if not what are the ideal approaches to minimize the childs distress?The overall sympathy I picked this topic is because after a divorce many four-year-old children are worried. They are confused because they are sometimes too junior to nderstand what is going on so they tend to scream for sustain but their parents ignore them. Then they fag end sometimes start to act out in school and their parents know why they are doing it but cannot help them express their feelings. This topic is sociologically important because young children need help understanding what divorce is and how to cope with it.All of these reason Ill be genuine to make a point of explaining them further and using reliable statistics taken from studies of children of divorce. This question should interest near everyone that plans of getting married in the future. Divorce clearly isnt something that couples want o r even channel in a marriage but unfortunately such events occur that lead to divorce and it is critical to know how it may affect children in the long run. David Masci the author of the article Does divorce turn children into dissolute adults? argues that divorce might turn children into troubled adults, and I agree because he provides viable evidence to patronise his theory. His argument that is supported by new search showing that almost half of all children in the United States have to deal with their parents dissolution of marriage nd these some of these children show signs of distress in the later year. Mainly likelihood of health, emotional, and behavioral problems, lower academic achievement and an increased risk of divorce when they marry.In addition, early sex, out-of-wedlock pregnancy, alcohol and drug abuse, delinquency and suicide are more prevalent among adolescents from split up families than among those from intact families (Masci) I wholeheartedly endorse what David Masci argues. While many children grow up leading levelheaded and productive lives after a divorce occurs, they are at greater risk for emotional and forcible problems. Some children are more emotionally affected by divorce than others.But some do not experience serious, long-term emotional problems A childs emotional security to a fault becomes more fragile during this difficult time of divorce. Fears that both parents will abandon the child are common. Depending on the age of the child, some of the ways a child might express this emotional insecurity may be large amounts of anger, directed both toward others and themselves frequent breaking of rules, sleep problems, defying parents or teachers, frequent guilt, change magnitude isolation or withdrawal from friends and family, drug and/or alcohol buse, early sexual activity, thoughts of suicide or violence.Many children of divorce believe that they caused the divorce or that they did something wrong that made one or both p arents not want to be with them. These feelings can cause a child to feel sad, depressed, and angry. These negative emotions can contribute to other problems, such as poor health, difficulty in school, and problems with friends, to name a few. Parents can help their children avoid some of the negative consequences of these emotions by using emotion coaching, a process of assist children be aware of and talk about their emotions.Children who experience the divorce of their parents generally are more probable to struggle socially compared to children from intact families. They are more likely to be aggressive, have poorer relationships with same-age children, and have less close friends. Also, these children and teenagers appear to be less involved in extracurricular activities, such as sports or music, and other enrichment programs, such as after-school classes or summer programs.This is likely due to less currency to pay for such activities, less availability of parents to drive the child and attend lessons and events, ore frequent moves, and visiting and bonds schedules that interrupt participation in team sports and other activities. Children and teenagers who experience the divorce of their parents may end up getting less parental supervision. As a result, some scholars believe that these children may be more susceptible to the influence of their peers and this increases the chances of them getting involved in deviant behavior, including drug and alcohol use and smoking.Generally, research has not found large differences in how boys and girls tend to adjust to divorce. However, it seems that boys, more than girls, tend to be more aggressive toward others and this can lead to their friends and peers rejecting them. Boys may be somewhat more likely to act in defiant ways at home and in school girls may be somewhat more likely to experience anxiety and depression. A childs age when his or her parents divorce is another(prenominal) factor that parents worr y about. But divorce on children has not shown a consistent pattern.Some studies suggest that romantic relationships in the future of children of divorce can be affected because of their experiences as a young child. In addition, ome scholars believe that children of divorce are less likely to learn crucial social skills in the home, such as cooperation, negotiation, and compromise that are necessary for success in life. Children exposed to high levels of betrothal between their parents, both before and after a divorce, may learn to model the poor conversation of their parents.

MOIGC Assignment 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

MOIGC 2 - Assignment ExampleThis helped the firm to achieve emulous edge and creative adaptation for surviving in a turbulent economy. This base is an extensive review of the leadership, cultural and structural activities implemented by Haier group. foundation garment culture followed by Haier is described through its various initiatives such as Win-win model and OEC control groups. The paper as well throws light on the various acquisition and expansion strategies which Haier took so as to achieve competitive edge. The company has evolved from being a profit oriented to customer oriented. The study has overly analysed the critical sexual congress between its internal innovation strategies and its importance while meeting the changing demands in a companionship economy. Sufficient facts and information has been providing confirming that Haier has successfully established a fit state with the objective of exploit its opportunities for future innovation and gain sustainable compe titive advantage.Marketers and analysts have long realized the importance of innovation. However, it is also true that for long term survival and success in any industry, it is essential to develop a powerful innovation culture. Such culture can be easily recognized within a firm which is known as an authentic and genuine innovator in the external marketplace. The culture is also known to harbour innovation friendly and dynamic environment in its internal workplace. It is also a known fact that innovation culture is very uncommon in the current business environment. A major factor behind this is the inclination towards predictability and stability as they are a readymade path for earning profit. On the contrary, innovation is about change and adaptation where survival and profits can be extremely effortful to achieve, at least during the first few years of implementation. So, innovation has become one of the top priorities for both(prenominal) large

Analytical reviews Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Analytical reviews - Assignment ExampleHis climb up is to focus on the major ideas that fix a civilization together, rather than territorial advance through conquest or any technical foul achievements. Book 1 focuses on the geneses of civilizations and their disintegration. He does not have a universal explanation for this process, save rather explains how each civilization faces its own challenges and comes up with its own solutions. The variation in different outcomes is to be expected, and decline comes when a civilization ceases to produce the necessary resilience to face whatever problems it encounters. A comparable undertaking was done by the German historian Oswald Spengler (1880-1936) but with a more pessimistic approach, aspect at contemporary westward civilization and foreseeing its downfall. His arrest Decline of the West was written just in advance and during the First World War, which no doubt colored his view of things somewhat, given the slaughter of thousands of soldiers and civilians in the archetypical fully mechanized war in human history. Spengler conceived of civilizations as all following the same familiar pattern of rise, reign and fall, and proposed that this is a natural life cycle, much the same as that of a biologic organism. He covers a much smaller range of civilizations, in a range of nine, culminating in Western civilization which he sees as being in a state of decline. An interesting and possibly mantic perspective is given on the Islam and the Arab nations, (volume 2, pp. 191-193) which he regards as having been stopped in its tracks in ancient time by the advance of Graeco-Roman civilization. Spengler died before the worst of Nazi atrocities occurred and this may explain his rather pro-German stance. His approach is too broad-brush to contribute much to our discernment of history and both his work and Toynbees more extended study suffer from too much emphasis on philosophy and culture, and too little understandin g of economic factors. Both authors also writer from a western perspective, and of the two Toynbee is the least objective, since he interprets good issues from a strong Judeo Christian perspective. Their great contribution to the field of history is that they extended the perspective beyond national boundaries and tried to analyse things on a grander scale, even though they did not achieve a fully global perspective. Part 2 Culture and development. In the introduction to his book The Wealth and beggary of Nations David Landes takes a global perspective and argues that an age of division between East and West in universe of discourse history has now been replaced by a division between North and South. He contrasts the wealthy essential world (largely northern and western) with the less developed southern half of the globe and tries to work out why this is the case. Two common hypotheses are rejected as too easy, namely that the western nations were superior in ability and industr iousness, which gave them an edge over other nations, or conversely the western nations were more ruthless and devouring(a) (p. xxi). Landes concludes that there is an element of truth in both, and that Things are always more complicated than we would have them (p xxi) and proceeds with a Eurocentric approach, having acknowledged this fact at the very outset. Paul Gootenberg in the introduction of his book Andean Cocaine

Business Communication Trends Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Business Communication Trends Paper - undertake ExampleThe use of these conferences is extremely important in creating strong business relationships between the business, the guest and high society employees. Discussion Currently, as an Accounts Payable Manager (APM) for a real estate development company, each(prenominal) in all of the above communications and concepts argon rendered. On a daily basis an APM position is required to stand for as the go between for the government, the company, and outsourced accountants. These daily tasks are accomplished by maintaining sources of information (i.e. policies and procedures, financial records, company information records, and incorporated accounting files) and later corresponded to expecting recipients. The ability for the APM to communicate effectively and efficiently within the judicature is dire. For the most part an APM requires the availability of massive amounts of information to perform job duties. This position a worry h as to be able to transmit information to individuals or parties that need it. Without proper job performance on behalf of the APM, the piece of work environment willing be deemed inadequate. This issue is derived from the acknowledgement that poor relationships in the body of work account for breakdowns in communication and inability to successfully exchange information within the organization (Smith, p. 1). Based on the ideals of piece of work functions and exchanges there are several methods that can be used. An APM utilizes this method when hiring, selecting, training, evaluating, gratifying, and punishing company employees. The position also requires the APM to be readily available to respond to financial concerns for project managers and operations staff. When dealing with individuals on a more personal aim in business specific communications are more equal for utilizing personal interaction. This method is cited as person-to-person or in other words involving direct commun ication or contact between persons or parties person-to-person interview person-to-person telephone calls (Person-to-person, p. 1). The correspondence in this situation gives the APM the benefit of reading social cues, comprehending the situation, and dissecting dialect. Person-to-person communication is recommended in the case of building despotic workplace relationships. According to Margaret Morford, breaking undesirable news face-to-face leaves employees to have cultivated their respect for you because they will realize there was an easier way (voice mail or e-mail) that you refused to take,(p. 1). In this case and equally personal cases like these physical correspondence is socially acceptable and expected. APM job responsibilities and capability to readily use technology as a form of communication is necessary to avoid unfortunate outcomes. Based on effective workplace functions there is much to be respected from the use of technology. Organizations are capable of allocating managerial duties to lower level associates and outsourcing companies while maintaining the structure of big business with the use of todays technologies. Using sms/mms, instant message, email, and all other available data transfer equipment (i.e. fax machines, etc.) companies are able to decentralize. More importantly these methods are less costly and present an APM with the ability to efficiently transfer any files or messages that