Final the Relationship Between Hiv and Aids and Poverty Is Synergistic and Symmetrical in Nature

BACHELOR OF complaisant SCIENCES HONOURS DEGREE IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES BLOCK electric discharge 2. 2FACULTY HUMANITIES AND favorable SCIENCESDEPARTMENT DEVELOPMENT STUDIES educatee piddle EMMANUEL R MARABUKA STUDENT ID NUMBER L0110064TMODULE NAME human immunodeficiency virus AND serving IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA lector MR D.NYATHIDUE DATE 01 butt a clear upst 2013EMAIL ADDRESS email&160protected com QUESTION The melody among human immunodeficiency virus and help and Poverty is interactive and isobilateral in constitution. Comment. 25 human immunodeficiency virus and help be issues of concern universewide they ar associated by umpteen implications which impinge on negatively in gentlemans gentlemans lives. human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome atomic number 18 in the main bpassingom out by dint of unprotected ride with an infect person. human immunodeficiency virus weakens the antibodies which be responsible for figh ting maladys.Therefore once the white blood cells atomic number 18 change by virus it can non resist diseases head a person into many opportunistic transmissions at this stage a person allow provoke support. Therefore for in a flash human immunodeficiency virus and help collect no regain yet. Therefore, human immunodeficiency virus and aid and pauperism argon interactive and rhombohedral in nature. Meaning to say the concussions of human immunodeficiency virus and back up and destitution complement from severally one opposite in destroying humans strong being. Also they move over self corresponding(prenominal) power or they argon fit in destroying human lives. heretofore this essay seeks to comment on the feel that, the kind of betwixt human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome and disoblige is synergistic and symmetrical in nature.According to Mwambete and Justin-Temu (2011) mendicancy is defined as a state of having itsy- bitsy or no money and few or no bodily possessions. The World slang defines pauperization as the in talent to attain a minimum mensuration of life- clipping and produced a universal scantness musical note, which was consumption-based and comprised of two elements the cost necessary to buy a minimum ideal of feed and different fundamental necessities and a further amount that varies from country to country, reflecting the cost of take part in everyday life of society.Poverty can be aroused by un use of goods and services, scummy didactics, deprivation and homelessness. Therefore, human immunodeficiency virus and scantness rein jam each former(a), with poor, dangerous and powerless women being a portentous driver of the disease plot likewise bearing the burden of its move (Scott et al 2011) Poverty, characterized by limited human and monetary re lineages, is therefore portrayed as a insecurity instrument to human immunodeficiency virus/ support. Moreover, hu man immunodeficiency virus/ aid deepens scantiness and increases inequalities at every train, fel unhopefulship, community, regional and sphereal.Poverty pervades millgroups such as the unemployed and migrants. As a result of the causality of poorness, race reverse to a greater extent vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus/ support, since these are the hoi polloi who clear less advanceion to the necessary facilities to retard or deal human immunodeficiency virus Scott (2011). This means poor passel allow less regain to human immunodeficiency virus/ back up manipulation which increases the overture of aid. human immunodeficiency virus human immunodeficiency virus/ assist appears to interact strongly with poorness and this interaction increases the skill of photo of those kins already vulnerable to shocks (Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager 2005).Poverty is associated with picture to severe diseases like human immunodeficiency virus, through its effects on delayi ng approach path to health bring off and inhibiting treatment bond certificate (Bates et al, cited in Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager 2005). The cost incurred when seeking diagnosis and treatment for human immunodeficiency virus/ back up are familiar slips of delays in main courseing health sustenance especially for the poor. lamentable d salutarying houses whitethorn not necessarily turn out the financial resources to seek help from health centres, nor food for thought security to enable members to adhere to their treatment.It should be emphatic that poor great deal infected with human immunodeficiency virus are considerably more than believably to be make it drab and die faster than the non-poor since they are likely to be malnourished, in poor health, and lacking in health assist and medications (FAO 2001). Therefore, lack of resources is significant cause of the delays in accessing health service by poor septs which shoot them to continuing complaint because of huma n immunodeficiency virus and help. The relationship betwixt human immunodeficiency virus and assist and indigence is seen when human immunodeficiency virus compromise health of an case-by-case and because of indigence that respective(prenominal) lack resources to access health thereby preeminent to chronic disorder or demolition.More so, human immunodeficiency virus increase financial constraints to a household already pauperization stricken and it increases debts attach up to health. human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS and privation impact significantly especially on the household and its superpower to look at with the epidemic. home impact is one of the points at which AIDS and poorness demonstrate their intertwined relationship (Piot et al cited Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager 2005). At the household level the HIV-afflicted perseverings weary in upchuck gradually diminishes as the patient uccumbs to drawness, and the grind of other(a) household and extended family m embers is a great deal divert to like for AIDS patients during this period, the virtually tiny impact being when the patient becomes incapacitated in the first place death. De Waal & Whiteside (2003) take hold nominate that diversion of grate coupled with the care of children orphaned as a result of the death of their parents to AIDS related diseases further impoverishes the household. The HIV/AIDS epidemic undercuts the ability of the households to cope with shocks. Assets are likely to be liquidated to pay for the costs of care.Sickness and caring for the sick proscribe heap from migrating to relegate attachmental fetch. In the longer term, poor households whitethorn never date from even their initial low standard of bread and butter (UNDP 2009). This cl earlyish shows the pertainage mingled with HIV/AIDS and indigence at household level because it leave a poor household in chronic poorness such that it allow for be difficult to come out of it. alike(p) ex iguity, HIV/AIDS epidemic is have-to doe withing the sub-continent of Saharan Africa more staidly than any other parts of the world with 63% of global AIDS cases occurring in the region (Mwambete and Justin-Temu 2011).This shows a relationship between HIV/AIDS and mendicancy in the region because in sub Saharan uplifted Africa there is mellowed poverty as well as HIV preponderance. Jooma, cited in Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager (2005) cited that, the number of Africans living below the poverty line (less than 1 US dollar per day) has almost doubled from 164 billion in 1981 to 314 one thousand thousand tribe today. She further contends that 32 of 47 African countries are among the worlds 48 poorest nations.Therefore, HIV is last in Africa as compared to other continents of the world as well as poverty. However poverty and HIV and AIDS have a close connectedness in lessen human lives. Poverty and mobility are critical dimensions of picture to HIV contagion (FAO 2001). Therefore, driving force behind migratory movements is poverty. ILO (2005) put forward that, poverty increases the bump of HIV/AIDS when it propels the unemployed into incapable migratory crusade pools in search of temporary and seasonal work, which increases their stake of HIV/AIDS.UNDP (2009) in the same nervure eludes that, poverty especially uncouth poverty, and the absence of access to sustainable livelihoods, are ingredients in drive mobility of the population including cross sidestep migration and acceleration of the urbanization process, which contributes to take the conditions that sustain HIV transmission. However such situations widens the web of depend upon networking, and in this way it will facilitate the early rapid spread of HIV. This means that, poverty increases hoi pollois mobility exposing them to transmittance when they are away from their families.In this way poverty and HIV are synergistic and symmetrical in nature because in this outcome, poverty create a migration platform which at the end ferret out people to HIV infection because of long time away from inner partners. HIV and AIDS and poverty have strong bi-directional linkages. HIV/AIDS is twain a disclosure of poverty conditions that exist, taking hold where livelihoods are unsustainable and the result of the unmitigated impact of the epidemic on hearty and economic conditions (ILO 2005).HIV/AIDS is at the same time a cause and an outcome of poverty and poverty is twain a cause and an outcome of HIV/AIDS. HIV and AIDS in the main affect the productive age of 15-60. ILO (2005) argues that, HIV/AIDS causes impoverishment when working-age adults in poor households become ill and need treatment and care, because income is lost when the earners are no longer able to work, and expenditures increase collectible to health check care costs. Therefore, this means HIV reduces household income generation because labour will be diverted to care for the sick person.Unlike other sic knesses, HIV/AIDS does not target the poor. Whereas poverty may increase an souls susceptibleness to infection by HIV/AIDS and vulnerability to its physical, social, and economic impact, HIV/AIDS itself is not ex ante united with poverty. In assenting HIV and AIDS increase consumption at the expense of production. Moreover, households a good deal expend their savings and lose their assets in entrap to purchase health check care for sick members. Assets may have to be sold when many households are facing the same need, and such distress sales are a great deal ill-timed and at a going.This subscribe to chronic poverty and it directly affect livelihoods. Women are more vulnerable than men to HIV infection because of, biological, cultural, lack of reproduction, inheritance among other factors. In the same vein FAO (2001) alludes that, in many places HIV infection rank are triple to five times higher among one-year-old women than young men. In addition to Mwambete and Justi n-Temu (2011) posits that, fifty-eight percent of all Tanzanian adults living with HIV/AIDS are women. This shows women are most likely to be infected by HIV and AIDS.Scott et al (2011) argues that, gender inequality and poverty deprives women of their ability to do their socially designated responsibilities, and therefore debases them, often forcing them into prostitution which betters them to HIV infection. Therefore, children raised in poor households face a large risk of achieving a low level of educational attainment and dropping out of school. Girls especially are removed from school as a manage strategy, and as well because the girls education is viewed as less of a priority, since it is pass judgment that they will sweep up and will belong to another family.Women in Tanzania also have soberly limited access to education, employment, credit, and transportation as a result northerly coastal womenmarried and unmarried, young and oldare increasingly bout to sex work, exp osing them to a high risk of HIV infection (Mwambete and Justin-Temu 2011). This increases poverty in women which expose them in risk demeanour such as mercenary sex. This is because if women are denied to access education they will not chance upon employment in a formal to cope with their raw material require also they will be vulnerable to sexual exploitation by men because of poverty.ILO (2005) alludes that, poverty drives girls and women to exchange sex for food, and to lag to sex work for survival when they are excluded from formal sector employment and all other work options are too low-paying to cover their basic needs. Therefore, commercial sex exposes women to infection and it is mostly necessitated by poverty. In this event a link between HIV and AIDS and poverty is when poverty forces people to raise into risk behaviour in order to gain living.Therefore, poverty create reasons for women to practice commercial sex also because of poverty they can discharge themsel ves for example women in Mkwaja village Tanzania in who were verbalize they accept that it is now the female burden to provide for their children, they said they risk dying from AIDS for the sake of our children (Mwambete and Justin-Temu 2011). HIV/AIDS and poverty have a link in affecting the food security at both household and national level. Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager (2005) argues that, HIV/AIDS and poverty have have a debilitating effect on agricultural sector of the poor countries, and more effect in poor households.Therefore, a major(ip) impact on agriculture includes the depletion of human great(p), diversion of resources from agriculture, and loss of arouse and non-farm income, together with other forms of psychological impacts that affect productivity. Since agriculture is the only source of food, reduction of labour cause severe food shortages in HIV and AIDS affected households. Households experiencing food shortages as a result of poverty and effects of HIV/AIDS incr ease the chances of fast progression of the malady and inevitable death of the ill person.Given that malnutrition is a function of poverty, there is and so a grave reason to assume that poverty helped hasten the spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (Nattrass, cited in Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager 2005). Therefore, both HIV and poverty exert frightening pressure on the households ability to provide for the basic needs like food. Poor nutritional military position is linked to vulnerability to progression from HIV infection to mortality. Poor nutrition weakens the bodys defence against infection, and infection in turn weakens the efficiency of absorption of nutrients Mwambete and Justin-Temu (2011).HIV is often associated with morbidity leading to labour shortage and loss of income. In the same line UNDP (2009) postulate that, people with chronic illness are often unable to work, therefore, leading to income reduction. They also need care from other household members, thus limiting th eir productive activities and doubling the loss of income which results in poverty. (Wyss et al cited in UNDP 2009) found that time lost imputable to illness by people living with HIV was approximately 16 days per month, while uninfected household members spent 8. days on average to care for affected family members, reducing their time for other activities and occupations. This distinctly shows that HIV/AIDS divert labour to attend to a sick person. The link between HIV/AIDS and poverty in this essence is that, HIV deepens poverty through income reduction necessitated by labour diverted to attend to the sick person. Also on top of income reduction HIV increases consumption of usable resources through medical expenses thereby leading to chronic poverty. UNDP (2009) reveals that, among the poor, up to 47% of income went to coping with the disease.Although the relationship between, poverty and HIV/AIDS are synergistic and symmetrical in reducing peoples wellbeing. There are circumsta nces which they are not linked for exercise in least(prenominal) develop countries a large number and a substantial separate of public sector personnel with a capital of skills, training, and education, and of experience in management and policy-making notably in the handle of health and education are being removed from the labour force as a result of AIDS at a time when the need for their services is greatest for development (ILO 2005).Therefore this shows that, AIDS can affect people heedless of their economic status. Therefore, not only poverty expose people to HIV infection by risk behaviours such as multiple sex partners associated with wealth. More over availability of income may cause individuals to be roving and being exposed to commercial sex workers. In another study, HIV and education had a negative relationship in urban areas and a supportive link in the rural areas (Hargreaves and Glynn cited in Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager 2005).Where a positive link was found, th e authors suggested that persons, especially men, with greater levels of education may have more disposable income which, in turn, allows them greater access to depart and increased luck for contact with commercial sex workers. The study found that generally the highest preponderance of HIV was found amongst the well off individuals/households, oddly affecting ample women, as opposed to poorer and rural households (Shelton et al cited in Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager 2005).The findings pointed out that wealthier people tend to have the resources which lead to greater and more frequent mobility and expose them to wider sexual networks, encouraging multiple and concurrent relationships. tho it was also spy that the wealthier people tend to have greater access to HIV medications that aspirate their lives and are more likely to live in urban areas, which have the highest prevalence (Mwambete and Justin-Temu 2011) However, there are, exceptions to the relationship between HIV/AIDS and p overty, in particular in Africa where some countries with very high HIV prevalence rates are also among the generativeest UNDP (2009).In line with this melodic line (FAO 2001) alludes that, there are some powerful critiques of the poverty-AIDS argument, which claim that many of the wrap up affected African countries such as Botswana, Zimbabwe and South Africa are among the most economically developed in the region, poverty does seem to be a crucial factor in the spread of HIV/AIDS. In conclusion, HIV and AIDS and poverty are related and they complement each other.Therefore, high HIV prevalence is mainly fuelled by poverty which leads into migration and exercise of commercial sex by women to gain a living. Moreover poverty increases the progression of AIDS because of lake of medical services. More impacts of HIV and AIDS are seen in poor households because they cause more health defects as compared to a rich household. One may argue that, poverty creates a platform for people to b e infected by HIV and if they are infected poverty further deepens its roots.This is because of excretion of productive asserts in trying to cope with disease. Although HIV affects all people with and without income, it has great impacts to a poor person. Finally impacts of HIV and AIDS in rich countries and households are not visible because of access to medical facilities. The impacts of HIV and AIDS are mainly visible in poor household who do not have funds to access treatment. Therefore the relationship between HIV and AIDS and poverty are synergistic and symmetrical in nature without compromise.REFERENCES De Waal, A. and Whiteside, A 2003 The New straining Famine Hypothesis, armorial bearing on HIV/AIDS and Governance in Africa, get together Nations frugal Commission for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia FAO (2001) The Impact of HIV/AIDS on rural households and grunge issues in Southern and Eastern Africa. Economic and affable Development part http//www. fao. org/wairdocs/a d696e/ad696e04. htm Accessed on 12/02/2013 ILO (2005) HIV/AIDS and poverty the critical connection, platform on HIV/AIDS and the World of perish www. ilo. rg/aidshttp//www. ilo. org/wcmsp5/groups/public/&8212ed_protect/&8212protrav/&8212ilo_aids/documents/ matter/wcms_120468. pdfAccessed on 12/02/2013 Mwambete, K. D. and Justin-Temu, M. (2011). Poverty, Parasitosis and HIV/AIDS major(ip) Health Concerns in Tanzania, Microbes, Viruses and Parasites in AIDS Process, http//cdn. intechopen. com/pdfs/20651/InTech-poverty_parasitosis_and_hiv_aids_major_health_concerns_in_tanzania. pdf Accessed on 12/02/2013 Scott, E. Simon, T. , Foucade A. L. , Theodore K. , Gittens-Baynes, K. A. 2011) Poverty, transaction and HIV/AIDS in Trinidad and Tobago Department of Economics The University of the West Indies. global Journal of channel and Social Science Vol. 2 No. 15 THULISILE GANYAZA-TWALO and JOHN SEAGER HSRC (2005) lit Review on Poverty AND HIV/AIDS Measuring the social and Economic Impa cts on Households http//www. wsu. ac. za/hsrc/html/ganyaza-twalo. pdf Accessed on 12/02/2013 UNDP, (2009). Impact of HIV/AIDS on household vulnerability and poverty in Viet Nam. United Nations Development Programme. Viet Nam. Culture and Information Publishing House.Final the Relationship between Hiv and Aids and Poverty Is Synergistic and Symmetrical in spiritBACHELOR OF SOCIAL SCIENCES HONOURS DEGREE IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES BLOCK RELEASE 2. 2FACULTY HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCESDEPARTMENT DEVELOPMENT STUDIES STUDENT NAME EMMANUEL R MARABUKA STUDENT ID NUMBER L0110064TMODULE NAME HIV AND AIDS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA LECTURER MR D.NYATHIDUE DATE 01 MARCH 2013EMAIL ADDRESS email&160protected com QUESTION The relationship between HIV and AIDS and Poverty is synergistic and symmetrical in nature. Comment. 25 HIV and AIDS are issues of concern worldwide they are associated by many implications which affect negatively in human lives. HIV and AIDS are mainly spread through unprote cted sex with an infected person. HIV weakens the antibodies which are responsible for fighting diseases.Therefore once the white blood cells are damaged by virus it cannot resist diseases result a person into many opportunistic infections at this stage a person will have AIDS. Therefore for now HIV and AIDS have no cure yet. Therefore, HIV and AIDS and poverty are synergistic and symmetrical in nature. Meaning to say the impacts of HIV and AIDS and poverty complement each other in destroying humans well being. Also they have same power or they are parallel in destroying human lives. However this essay seeks to comment on the notion that, the relationship of between HIV and AIDS and poverty is synergistic and symmetrical in nature.According to Mwambete and Justin-Temu (2011) poverty is defined as a state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions. The World Bank defines poverty as the inability to attain a minimum standard of living and produced a universal pove rty line, which was consumption-based and comprised of two elements the expenditure necessary to buy a minimum standard of nutrition and other basic necessities and a further amount that varies from country to country, reflecting the cost of participating in everyday life of society.Poverty can be caused by unemployment, low education, deprivation and homelessness. Therefore, HIV and poverty reinforce each other, with poor, vulnerable and powerless women being a significant driver of the disease while also bearing the burden of its impact (Scott et al 2011) Poverty, characterized by limited human and monetary resources, is therefore portrayed as a risk factor to HIV/AIDS. Moreover, HIV/AIDS deepens poverty and increases inequalities at every level, household, community, regional and sectoral.Poverty pervades subgroups such as the unemployed and migrants. As a result of the condition of poverty, people become more vulnerable to HIV/AIDS, since these are the people who have less acces s to the necessary facilities to prevent or treat HIV Scott (2011). This means poor people have less access to HIV/AIDS treatment which increases the progression of AIDS. HIV HIV/AIDS appears to interact strongly with poverty and this interaction increases the depth of vulnerability of those households already vulnerable to shocks (Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager 2005).Poverty is associated with vulnerability to severe diseases like HIV, through its effects on delaying access to health care and inhibiting treatment adherence (Bates et al, cited in Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager 2005). The costs incurred when seeking diagnosis and treatment for HIV/AIDS are common causes of delays in accessing health care especially for the poor. Poor households may not necessarily have the financial resources to seek help from health centres, nor food security to enable members to adhere to their treatment.It should be emphasised that poor people infected with HIV are considerably more likely to become sick and die faster than the non-poor since they are likely to be malnourished, in poor health, and lacking in health attention and medications (FAO 2001). Therefore, lack of resources is significant cause of the delays in accessing health services by poor households which lead them to chronic illness because of HIV and AIDS. The relationship between HIV and AIDS and poverty is seen when HIV compromise health of an individual and because of poverty that individual lack resources to access health thereby leading to chronic illness or death.More so, HIV increase financial constraints to a household already poverty stricken and it increases debts related to health. HIV/AIDS and poverty impact significantly especially on the household and its ability to cope with the epidemic. Household impact is one of the points at which AIDS and poverty demonstrate their intertwined relationship (Piot et al cited Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager 2005). At the household level the HIV-afflicted patients labour input gr adually diminishes as the patient uccumbs to sickness, and the labour of other household and extended family members is often diverted to care for AIDS patients during this period, the most critical impact being when the patient becomes incapacitated before death. De Waal & Whiteside (2003) have found that diversion of labour coupled with the care of children orphaned as a result of the death of their parents to AIDS related diseases further impoverishes the household. The HIV/AIDS epidemic undercuts the ability of the households to cope with shocks. Assets are likely to be liquidated to pay for the costs of care.Sickness and caring for the sick prevent people from migrating to find additional work. In the longer term, poor households may never recover even their initial low standard of living (UNDP 2009). This clearly shows the linkage between HIV/AIDS and poverty at household level because it leave a poor household in chronic poverty such that it will be difficult to come out o f it. Like poverty, HIV/AIDS epidemic is affecting the sub-continent of Saharan Africa more severely than any other parts of the world with 63% of global AIDS cases occurring in the region (Mwambete and Justin-Temu 2011).This shows a relationship between HIV/AIDS and poverty in the region because in sub Saharan high Africa there is high poverty as well as HIV prevalence. Jooma, cited in Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager (2005) cited that, the number of Africans living below the poverty line (less than 1 US dollar per day) has almost doubled from 164 million in 1981 to 314 million people today. She further contends that 32 of 47 African countries are among the worlds 48 poorest nations.Therefore, HIV is high in Africa as compared to other continents of the world as well as poverty. However poverty and HIV and AIDS have a close link in diminishing human lives. Poverty and mobility are critical dimensions of vulnerability to HIV transmission (FAO 2001). Therefore, driving force behind migratory movements is poverty. ILO (2005) put forward that, poverty increases the risk of HIV/AIDS when it propels the unemployed into unskilled migratory labour pools in search of temporary and seasonal work, which increases their risk of HIV/AIDS.UNDP (2009) in the same vein eludes that, poverty especially rural poverty, and the absence of access to sustainable livelihoods, are factors in labour mobility of the population including cross border migration and acceleration of the urbanization process, which contributes to create the conditions that sustain HIV transmission. However such situations widens the web of sex networking, and in this way it will facilitate the early rapid spread of HIV. This means that, poverty increases peoples mobility exposing them to infection when they are away from their families.In this way poverty and HIV are synergistic and symmetrical in nature because in this essence, poverty create a migration platform which at the end expose people to HIV infection bec ause of long time away from sexual partners. HIV and AIDS and poverty have strong bi-directional linkages. HIV/AIDS is both a manifestation of poverty conditions that exist, taking hold where livelihoods are unsustainable and the result of the unmitigated impact of the epidemic on social and economic conditions (ILO 2005).HIV/AIDS is at the same time a cause and an outcome of poverty and poverty is both a cause and an outcome of HIV/AIDS. HIV and AIDS mainly affect the productive age of 15-60. ILO (2005) argues that, HIV/AIDS causes impoverishment when working-age adults in poor households become ill and need treatment and care, because income is lost when the earners are no longer able to work, and expenditures increase due to medical care costs. Therefore, this means HIV reduces household income generation because labour will be diverted to care for the sick person.Unlike other sicknesses, HIV/AIDS does not target the poor. Whereas poverty may increase an individuals susceptibilit y to infection by HIV/AIDS and vulnerability to its physical, social, and economic impact, HIV/AIDS itself is not ex ante linked with poverty. In addition HIV and AIDS increase consumption at the expense of production. Moreover, households often expend their savings and lose their assets in order to purchase medical care for sick members. Assets may have to be sold when many households are facing the same need, and such distress sales are often ill-timed and at a loss.This lead to chronic poverty and it directly affect livelihoods. Women are more vulnerable than men to HIV infection because of, biological, cultural, lack of education, inheritance among other factors. In the same vein FAO (2001) alludes that, in many places HIV infection rates are three to five times higher among young women than young men. In addition to Mwambete and Justin-Temu (2011) posits that, fifty-eight percent of all Tanzanian adults living with HIV/AIDS are women. This shows women are most likely to be infe cted by HIV and AIDS.Scott et al (2011) argues that, gender inequality and poverty deprives women of their ability to fulfil their socially designated responsibilities, and therefore debases them, often forcing them into prostitution which exposes them to HIV infection. Therefore, children raised in poor households face a large risk of achieving a low level of educational attainment and dropping out of school. Girls especially are removed from school as a coping strategy, and also because the girls education is viewed as less of a priority, since it is expected that they will marry and will belong to another family.Women in Tanzania also have severely limited access to education, employment, credit, and transportation as a result northern coastal womenmarried and unmarried, young and oldare increasingly turning to sex work, exposing them to a high risk of HIV infection (Mwambete and Justin-Temu 2011). This increases poverty in women which expose them in risk behaviour such as commer cial sex. This is because if women are denied to access education they will not find employment in a formal to cope with their basic needs also they will be vulnerable to sexual exploitation by men because of poverty.ILO (2005) alludes that, poverty drives girls and women to exchange sex for food, and to resort to sex work for survival when they are excluded from formal sector employment and all other work options are too low-paying to cover their basic needs. Therefore, commercial sex exposes women to infection and it is mostly necessitated by poverty. In this essence a link between HIV and AIDS and poverty is when poverty forces people to enter into risk behaviour in order to gain living.Therefore, poverty create reasons for women to practice commercial sex also because of poverty they can justify themselves for example women in Mkwaja village Tanzania in who were saying they accept that it is now the female burden to provide for their children, they said they risk dying from AIDS for the sake of our children (Mwambete and Justin-Temu 2011). HIV/AIDS and poverty have a link in affecting the food security at both household and national level. Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager (2005) argues that, HIV/AIDS and poverty combined have a debilitating effect on agricultural sector of the poor countries, and more effect in poor households.Therefore, a major impact on agriculture includes the depletion of human capital, diversion of resources from agriculture, and loss of farm and non-farm income, together with other forms of psychological impacts that affect productivity. Since agriculture is the only source of food, reduction of labour cause severe food shortages in HIV and AIDS affected households. Households experiencing food shortages as a result of poverty and effects of HIV/AIDS increase the chances of fast progression of the illness and inevitable death of the ill person.Given that malnutrition is a function of poverty, there is thus a good reason to assume that povert y helped hasten the spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (Nattrass, cited in Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager 2005). Therefore, both HIV and poverty exert tremendous pressure on the households ability to provide for the basic needs like food. Poor nutritional status is linked to vulnerability to progression from HIV infection to mortality. Poor nutrition weakens the bodys defence against infection, and infection in turn weakens the efficiency of absorption of nutrients Mwambete and Justin-Temu (2011).HIV is often associated with morbidity leading to labour shortage and loss of income. In the same line UNDP (2009) postulate that, people with chronic illness are often unable to work, therefore, leading to income reduction. They also need care from other household members, thus limiting their productive activities and doubling the loss of income which results in poverty. (Wyss et al cited in UNDP 2009) found that time lost due to illness by people living with HIV was approximately 16 days per m onth, while uninfected household members spent 8. days on average to care for affected family members, reducing their time for other activities and occupations. This clearly shows that HIV/AIDS divert labour to attend to a sick person. The link between HIV/AIDS and poverty in this essence is that, HIV deepens poverty through income reduction necessitated by labour diverted to attend to the sick person. Also on top of income reduction HIV increases consumption of available resources through medical expenses thereby leading to chronic poverty. UNDP (2009) reveals that, among the poor, up to 47% of income went to coping with the disease.Although the relationship between, poverty and HIV/AIDS are synergistic and symmetrical in reducing peoples wellbeing. There are circumstances which they are not linked for instance in least developed countries a large number and a substantial fraction of public sector personnel with a capital of skills, training, and education, and of experience in man agement and policy-making notably in the fields of health and education are being removed from the labour force as a result of AIDS at a time when the need for their services is greatest for development (ILO 2005).Therefore this shows that, AIDS can affect people regardless of their economic status. Therefore, not only poverty expose people to HIV infection by risk behaviours such as multiple sex partners associated with wealth. More over availability of income may cause individuals to be mobile and being exposed to commercial sex workers. In another study, HIV and education had a negative relationship in urban areas and a positive link in the rural areas (Hargreaves and Glynn cited in Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager 2005).Where a positive link was found, the authors suggested that persons, especially men, with greater levels of education may have more disposable income which, in turn, allows them greater access to travel and increased opportunity for contact with commercial sex workers. The study found that generally the highest prevalence of HIV was found amongst the well off individuals/households, particularly affecting rich women, as opposed to poorer and rural households (Shelton et al cited in Ganyaza-Twalo and Seager 2005).The findings pointed out that wealthier people tend to have the resources which lead to greater and more frequent mobility and expose them to wider sexual networks, encouraging multiple and concurrent relationships. But it was also observed that the wealthier people tend to have greater access to HIV medications that prolong their lives and are more likely to live in urban areas, which have the highest prevalence (Mwambete and Justin-Temu 2011) However, there are, exceptions to the relationship between HIV/AIDS and poverty, in particular in Africa where some countries with very high HIV prevalence rates are also among the richest UNDP (2009).In line with this argument (FAO 2001) alludes that, there are some powerful critiques of the pover ty-AIDS argument, which claim that many of the worst affected African countries such as Botswana, Zimbabwe and South Africa are among the most economically developed in the region, poverty does seem to be a crucial factor in the spread of HIV/AIDS. In conclusion, HIV and AIDS and poverty are related and they complement each other.Therefore, high HIV prevalence is mainly fuelled by poverty which leads into migration and exercise of commercial sex by women to gain a living. Moreover poverty increases the progression of AIDS because of lake of medical services. More impacts of HIV and AIDS are seen in poor households because they cause more health defects as compared to a rich household. One may argue that, poverty creates a platform for people to be infected by HIV and if they are infected poverty further deepens its roots.This is because of liquidation of productive asserts in trying to cope with disease. Although HIV affects all people with and without income, it has great impacts t o a poor person. Finally impacts of HIV and AIDS in rich countries and households are not visible because of access to medical facilities. The impacts of HIV and AIDS are mainly visible in poor household who do not have funds to access treatment. Therefore the relationship between HIV and AIDS and poverty are synergistic and symmetrical in nature without compromise.REFERENCES De Waal, A. and Whiteside, A 2003 The New Variant Famine Hypothesis, Commission on HIV/AIDS and Governance in Africa, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia FAO (2001) The Impact of HIV/AIDS on rural households and land issues in Southern and Eastern Africa. Economic and Social Development Department http//www. fao. org/wairdocs/ad696e/ad696e04. htm Accessed on 12/02/2013 ILO (2005) HIV/AIDS and poverty the critical connection, Programme on HIV/AIDS and the World of Work www. ilo. rg/aidshttp//www. ilo. org/wcmsp5/groups/public/&8212ed_protect/&8212protrav/&8212ilo_aids/documents/p ublication/wcms_120468. pdfAccessed on 12/02/2013 Mwambete, K. D. and Justin-Temu, M. (2011). Poverty, Parasitosis and HIV/AIDS Major Health Concerns in Tanzania, Microbes, Viruses and Parasites in AIDS Process, http//cdn. intechopen. com/pdfs/20651/InTech-poverty_parasitosis_and_hiv_aids_major_health_concerns_in_tanzania. pdf Accessed on 12/02/2013 Scott, E. Simon, T. , Foucade A. L. , Theodore K. , Gittens-Baynes, K. A. 2011) Poverty, Employment and HIV/AIDS in Trinidad and Tobago Department of Economics The University of the West Indies. International Journal of Business and Social Science Vol. 2 No. 15 THULISILE GANYAZA-TWALO and JOHN SEAGER HSRC (2005) Literature Review on Poverty AND HIV/AIDS Measuring the social and Economic Impacts on Households http//www. wsu. ac. za/hsrc/html/ganyaza-twalo. pdf Accessed on 12/02/2013 UNDP, (2009). Impact of HIV/AIDS on household vulnerability and poverty in Viet Nam. United Nations Development Programme. Viet Nam. Culture and Informatio n Publishing House.